Immunological Detection of Radiation Damage in DNA

Vunakis, Helen Van

doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-3641-9_8

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…The recent development of highly sensitive methods for detecting carcinogen-DNA adducts has made this search possible (Table 2). Methods currently used include 'P-nucleotide postlabeling and chromatography (57), synchronous scanning fluorescent spectrophotometry (58,59), mass spectrometry (60,61), and immunoassays (62)(63)(64)(65). These methods are being used to measure carcinogen-macro- (14,44).…”

Section: Carcinogen-macromolecular Adductsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical and molecular epidemiology of human cancer: indicators of carcinogen exposure, DNA damage, and genetic predisposition.

Harris

Weston

Willey

et al. 1987

Environ Health Perspect

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The primary goal of biochemical and molecular epidemiology is to identify individuals at high cancer risk by obtaining evidence of high exposure to carcinogens, leading to pathobiological lesions in target cells, and/or increased oncogenic susceptibility due to either inherited or acquired host factors. This emerging and multidisciplinary area of cancer research combines epidemiological and laboratory approaches. Because DNA is considered to be an important target for modification by mutagens and carcinogens, damage to DNA can be used as an internal, molecular dosimeter of carcinogen exposure. The reactive species of these carcinogens may directly bind to DNA to form adducts and may indirectly cause secondary DNA lesions, e.g., via induction of free radicals and aldehydes. Highly sensitive and specific methods have been developed to measure the minute amounts of DNA lesions and DNA repair products found in biological specimens from humans exposed to carcinogens. For example, DNA adducts have been measured in cells and tissues from people occupationally exposed to carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Antibodies recognizing carcinogen-DNA adducts have also been detected in human sera. Inherited predisposition to cancer has been revealed by recent advances in molecular genetics, including restriction-fragment-length polymorphism. For example, the hypothesis that rare alleles of the Ha-ras proto-oncogene are associated with an increased risk of lung cancer is currently being tested. These approaches afford the potential of biochemical and molecular epidemiology to predict disease risk for individual persons, instead of for populations, and before the onset of clinically evident disease.

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Section: Carcinogen-macromolecular Adductsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical and molecular epidemiology of human cancer: indicators of carcinogen exposure, DNA damage, and genetic predisposition.

Harris

Weston

Willey

et al. 1987

Environ Health Perspect

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“…The development of immunological assays for the detection of modified and unmodified nuclei acid components began over 20 years ago with the demonstration that these compounds are antigenic under certain conditions [reviewed in Levine and Van Vunakis, 1966;Plescia and Braun, 19681. Since that time, a wide variety of antisera has been produced that are specific for DNA components modified by many different carcinogens, both chemical and physical [reviewed in Van Vunakis, 1980;Muller and Rajewsky, 1981;Poirier, 1981;Strickland and Boyle, 19841. A recent article in this journal discussed some of the potential uses of antisera raised against DNA modified by chemical carcinogens [Poirier, 19841. The present review will concentrate on studies from several laboratories using immunological assays to detect and quantitate alterations induced in DNA by ultraviolet (UV) radiation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%