Immunological Effects of a Single Dose of PLGA Nanoparticles Encapsulated Peptide in Broilers in Comparison to Traditional Vaccines against Infectious Bursal Disease

Abstract

Infectious bursal disease is a viral poultry disease that causes economic losses. This study aimed to evaluate the white blood cells count (WBCs count), differential count, antibody (Ab) titration against IBDV and interferone gamma (INF-ã) responses in broiler administered traditional and prepared nanovaccines. A total of 98 broiler chicks (Ross 308) were used to evaluate the immunological responses. They were devided into G1(Control); G2- (Traditional vaccine); G3(PLGA nanoparticle); G4(160 µg of peptide loaded PLGA); G5 (80 µg of peptide loaded PLGA); G6(40 µg of peptide loaded PLGA) and G7(20 µg of peptide loaded PLGA) by oral administration. At day 19 of broiler age, the chicken was administered orally with traditional and prepared nanovaccines and the blood was collected for Ab titration at day 10(for maternal immunity), day 29 and day 42 of broiler age. At the end of experiment, whole blood was collected for WBCs and differential count and for INF-ã level. The results indicated that there were no significant (pe” 0.05) differences among experimental groups in WBCs count while there were significant p d”0.05) increase in lymphocyte count in G3 (NPs) in compared with G2( traditional vaccine). Also there was a significant (p d”0.05) increase in heterophil count in G4 (NPs + 160µg peptide) as compared to control. For Ab titration ,at day 29 , data indicated significant ( p d”0.05) increase in G3 and G7 as compared to G2 while at day 42, there was a significant ( p d”0.05) increase in each of G3,G4,G5 and G6 groups in compared to control and traditional vaccine. For INF-ã level, G4 recorded significantly (p d”0.05) the highest level as compared to other groups. These immunological responses were explored in order to evaluate the prepared nanovaccine for IBD in broiler.

Nanoparticles as a novel and promising antiviral platform in veterinary medicine

“…Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new, more-potent vaccines to control IBDV infection. Interestingly, a research group recorded a significant increase in both humoral and cellular immune responses in broiler chickens vaccinated with a PLGA nanoparticle vaccine when compared to chickens vaccinated with the traditional IBDV vaccine [3]. Another study showed that graphene oxide (GO) sheets and silver nanoparticle-anchored graphene oxide (GO-Ag) sheets have antiviral effects against non-enveloped IBDV and enveloped feline coronavirus (FCoV) [16].…”