Diabetic Retinopathy 2012
DOI: 10.5772/29238
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Immunological Risk Factors for the Development and Progression of Diabetic Retinopathy

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Cited by 6 publications
(19 citation statements)
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“…AGEs—advanced glycation end products, RAGEs—receptor for advanced glycation end products, bFGF—basic fibroblast growth factor, VEGF—vascular endothelial growth factor, MMPs—metalloproteinases, TNF- α —tumor necrosis factor alpha, IL1—Interleukin 1, Interleukin 6—IL6, HGF—hepatocyte growth factor, PLGF—placental growth factor, EGF—epidermal growth factor, Ang-2—angiopoietin-2, PDGF—platelet-derived growth factor, TGF- β —transforming growth factor-beta, Th—helper lymphocytes, NK—natural killer, IL4—Interleukin 4, IL10—Interleukin 10, IL12—Interleukin 12, IFN γ —interferon- γ . Modified Figure 1 of [ 16 ].…”
Section: Figurementioning
confidence: 99%
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“…AGEs—advanced glycation end products, RAGEs—receptor for advanced glycation end products, bFGF—basic fibroblast growth factor, VEGF—vascular endothelial growth factor, MMPs—metalloproteinases, TNF- α —tumor necrosis factor alpha, IL1—Interleukin 1, Interleukin 6—IL6, HGF—hepatocyte growth factor, PLGF—placental growth factor, EGF—epidermal growth factor, Ang-2—angiopoietin-2, PDGF—platelet-derived growth factor, TGF- β —transforming growth factor-beta, Th—helper lymphocytes, NK—natural killer, IL4—Interleukin 4, IL10—Interleukin 10, IL12—Interleukin 12, IFN γ —interferon- γ . Modified Figure 1 of [ 16 ].…”
Section: Figurementioning
confidence: 99%
“…The disease process encompasses characteristic changes, namely, thickening of the basement membrane coupled with its increased permeability, loss of pericytes leading to diminished vessel wall tone and development of protruding micro aneurysms, and proliferation of mesangium causing obstruction and obliteration of capillaries. Now, we know that diabetic retinopathy is the effect of genetic, environmental, and immunological factors acting together [ 16 – 18 ]. The main initiating factor for the changes observed in the course of diabetic retinopathy is hyperglycemia.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…2 It is reported that in DR genetic, environmental, and immunological factors act together. 3,4 The main process affected in patients is hyperglycemia. Chronic high levels of blood glucose in diabetic patients effect destructively on retina because retina cells are sensitive to overflow of glucose.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%