IMMUNOLOGICAL ROLE OF<i>BRUCELLA ABORTUS</i>CELL WALLS

Foster, John W.; Ribi, Edgar

doi:10.1128/jb.84.2.258-268.1962

Cited by 27 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…abortus, were investigated by Foster and Ribi. (30) The effects of the infection, which was intraperitoneally delivered to mice, was assessed 2 weeks postinoculation. Likelihood statistics indicated that the data could best be fit to an optimized exponential model (Table VI).…”

Section: Bootstrapped Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mice were the test subjects for analyzing the effects of intraperitoneally delivered Br. abortus (30) and assessed 2 weeks postinoculation (data listed in Table V). Likelihood statistics indicated that the data could best be fit to an exponential model (Table VI) with the rate parameter k = 0.02475 with an approximate N 50 of 28 CFU.…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…17; Table V). (30) The fitting parameter k was equal to 0.02475, which corresponds to 50% predictive infectious dose of 28 CFU. Fig.…”

Section: Physiological Aspects Of Brucellamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Animal and Human Dose‐Response Models for Brucella Species

Teske

Huang²,

Tamrakar³

et al. 2011

Risk Analysis

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Human Brucellosis is one of the most common zoonotic diseases worldwide. Disease transmission often occurs through the handling of domestic livestock, as well as ingestion of unpasteurized milk and cheese, but can have enhanced infectivity if aerosolized. Because there is no human vaccine available, rising concerns about the threat of Brucellosis to human health and its inclusion in the Center for Disease Control's Category B Bioterrorism/Select Agent List make a better understanding of the dose-response relationship of this microbe necessary. Through an extensive peer-reviewed literature search, candidate dose-response data were appraised so as to surpass certain standards for quality. The statistical programming language, "R," was used to compute the maximum likelihood estimation to fit two models, the exponential and the approximate beta-Poisson (widely used for quantitative risk assessment) to dose-response data. Dose-response models were generated for prevalent species of Brucella: Br. suis, Br. melitensis, and Br. abortus. Dose-response models were created for aerosolized Br. suis exposure to guinea pigs from pooled studies. A parallel model for guinea pigs inoculated through both aerosol and subcutaneous routes with Br. melitensis showed that the median infectious dose corresponded to a 30 colony-forming units (CFU) dose of Br. suis, much less than the N(50) dose of about 94 CFU for Br. melitensis organisms. When Br. melitensis was tested subcutaneously on mice, the N(50) dose was higher, 1,840 CFU. A dose-response model was constructed from pooled data for mice, rhesus macaques, and humans inoculated through three routes (subcutaneously/aerosol/intradermally) with Br. melitensis.

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Section: Bootstrapped Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Animal and Human Dose‐Response Models for Brucella Species

Teske

Huang²,

Tamrakar³

et al. 2011

Risk Analysis

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“…DISCUSSION Although the endotoxic activity of B. abortus strain 19A is about as great as that of strain 2308 (10), strain 19A is less virulent than strain 2308 and is commonly used for vaccination of cattle. That is, in cattle and guinea pigs, strain 19A does not cause as severe an infection as strain 2308, and, if given to heifers 6 to 8 months old, strain 19A is an effective vaccine (4).…”

Section: Vol 2) 1970mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Cell walls and protoplasm (or cytoplasm) were prepared from each cell suspension by methods described by Foster and Ribi (10), or Foster, Cowan, and Maag (9). ECP was prepared by aqueous ether extraction and ethyl alcohol precipitation (10).…”

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confidence: 99%

Comparison of Chemical Components of Cell Walls of Brucella abortus Strains of Low and High Virulence

1970

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Amino acid, carbohydrate, and lipid components of cell walls of Brucella abortus strain 19A (low virulence) and strain 2308 (high virulence) were compared by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and by use of an amino acid analyzer. A total of 15 amino acids were detected by both chromatographic methods. Each amino acid was present in greater amounts in strain 2308 than in strain 19A when equal amounts of hydrolysates of cell wall and endotoxin-containing preparations were analyzed. A component with the same R, value as ethanolamine was present in strain 2308 cell wall hydrolysates but was not revealed by TLC of strain 19A cell wall hydrolysates. This component was not detected with the amino acid analyzer. TLC of cell walls tagged with 2 ,4-dinitrofluorobenzene prior to hydrolysis showed that phenylalanine was a terminal amino acid in cell walls of B. abortus strains 19A and 2308, B. suis strain 1776, and B. melitensis strain 2500. Carbohydrates detected in cell walls of strains 19A and 2308 by TLC were tentatively identified as glucose, mannose, rhamnose, and galactose. Colorimetric tests were also positive for 2-keto-3-deoxyoctulosonic acid, heptose, and dideoxyhexose. At least seven lipid components were detected by TLC of ether extracts of cell walls of strains 19A and 2308. It is suggested that one or more lipids is important in maintaining cell wall structure, because isolated cell walls rapidly became fragmented after exposure to ether.

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Identification of amino sugars from bacterial lipopolysaccharides by gas chromatography electron impact and chemical ionization mass spectrometry

Bowser

Teece

Somani

1978

Biol. Mass Spectrom.

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Amino sugars isolated from lipopolysaccharides of Brucella suis, Brucella abortus and Neisseria gonorrhoeae colony types 1 and 4 were identified using gas chromatography electron impact and chemical ionization mass spectrometry. Lipopolysaccharides were obtained by aqueous ether or aqueous phenol extraction. Isolated lipopolysaccharides were hydrolyzed in 1% acetic acid followed by hydrolysis of the polysaccharide moiety in 2 NHCl for 6 h at 100 degrees C. Amino sugars were first isolated by elution from Dowex 50 H+ and then N-acetylated, followed by trimethylsilylation. Trimethylsilyl ethers of 2-acetamido-2-deoxysugars; N-acetylglucosamine, N-acetylmannosamine, N-acetylgalactosamine, and a 2-acetamido-2.6-dideoxysugar, N-acetylquinovosamine, were identified by their fragmentation patterns. In the electron impact mode, N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetyl-galactosamine were distinguished from one another by comparing peak intensities at m/e 233 and 305. However, N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylmannosamine could not be differentiated by electron impact mass spectrometry. In the chemical ionization mode, N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylmannosamine both with base peaks at m/e 494, could be distinguished from N-acetylgalactosamine and N-acetylquinovosamine by their base peaks at m/e 420 and 332, respectively. N-Acetylglucosamine and N-acetylmannosamine were differentiated from one another by comparing peak intensities at m/e 330, 404, 420, and 510 [MH]+. This is the first report of chemical ionization mass spectrometry applied to the identification of amino sugars in bacterial lipopolysaccharides and shows that some 2-amino-2-deoxysugars can be differentiated by both electron impact and chemical ionization mass spectrometry.

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IMMUNOLOGICAL ROLE OFBRUCELLA ABORTUSCELL WALLS

Cited by 27 publications

References 18 publications

Animal and Human Dose‐Response Models for Brucella Species

Animal and Human Dose‐Response Models for Brucella Species

Comparison of Chemical Components of Cell Walls of Brucella abortus Strains of Low and High Virulence

Identification of amino sugars from bacterial lipopolysaccharides by gas chromatography electron impact and chemical ionization mass spectrometry

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