Immunological Studies on Dermatophytes III. Further Analyses of the Reactivities of Neutral Polysaccharides with Rabbit Antisera to
            <i>Microsporum quinckeanum, Trichophyton schoenleinii, Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton interdigitale</i>
            , and
            <i>Trichophyton granulosum</i>

Grappel, Sarah F.; Blank, F.; Bishop, C. T.

doi:10.1128/jb.96.1.70-75.1968

Cited by 21 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Extracts of various dermatophyte species have usually been found to contain a mixture of antigens that are either species specific or broadly cross-reactive with those of other dermatophytes (98,101) or those of other fungi (213). This phenomenon may relate to the susceptibility of atopic patients to chronic dermatophytosis because these patients may develop immediate hypersensitivity to airborne molds that cross-reacts with the dermatophyte antigens, and this immediate hypersensitivity may later interfere with the development of delayed responses to these antigens (127,133).…”

Section: Dermatophytosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Cutaneous defenses against dermatophytes and yeasts

1995

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Predispositions to the superficial mycoses include warmth and moisture, natural or iatrogenic immunosuppression, and perhaps some degree of inherited susceptibility. Some of these infections elicit a greater inflammatory response than others, and the noninflammatory ones are generally more chronic. The immune system is involved in the defense against these infections, and cell-mediated immunity appears to be particularly important. The mechanisms involved in generating immunologic reactions in the skin are complex, with epidermal Langerhans cells, other dendritic cells, lymphocytes, microvascular endothelial cells, and the keratinocytes themselves all participating in one way or another. A variety of defects in the immunologic response to the superficial mycoses have been described. In some cases the defect may be preexistent, whereas in others the infection itself may interfere with protective cell-mediated immune responses against the organisms. A number of different mechanisms may underlie these immunologic defects and lead to the development of chronic superficial fungal infection in individual patients. Although the immunologic defects appear to be involved in the chronicity of certain types of cutaneous fungal infections, treatment of these defects remains experimental at the present time.

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Section: Dermatophytosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Cutaneous defenses against dermatophytes and yeasts

1995

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“…Further studies on the cross-reactivities of the three groups of neutral polysaccharides by Grappel et al (80,81) revealed that there were differences in the antisera that were prepared in rabbits to each of the organisms. The crossreactivities of the 27 polysaccharides with antisera to each of the 9 dermatophyte species from which they were isolated were determined by complement fixation (84).…”

Section: Antigenic Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunology of dermatophytes and dermatophytosis.

Grappel¹,

Bishop²,

Blank³

1974

Bacteriological Reviews

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“…Galactose, mannose, and glucose are the dominant sugars in these fungal polysaccharides (4, 10, 48); therefore, cross-reactions of the antigenantibody among mold species might be due to the presence of these common sugars. Grappel et al (12)(13)(14) isolated galactomannans from Trichophyton species that could react with the antibody against Microsporum quinckeanum. Schumacher et al (44) injected rabbits with polysaccharides isolated from Alternaria tenuis, and the subsequent antibodies reacted with A. fumigatus, Stemphylium spp., and Curvularia spp.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Partial purification and characterization of mold antigens commonly found in foods

Tsai

Cousin

1993

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Rapid methods are needed for detection of molds in foods; therefore, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was developed. The extracellular and mycelial antigens for Mucor, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, and Geotrichum species were partially purified and characterized. The molecular masses of the mycelial and extracellular antigens, as determined by size exclusion chromatography, ranged from 4.5 x 105 to 6.7 x 105 Da. There was only one main antigenic peak separated by Sepharose CL-4B and concanavalin A-Sepharose columns for Mucor, Cladosporium, and Geotrichum mycelial and extracellular antigens, but there were two for Aspergilus mycelial antigens and three for Aspergillus extracellular antigens. These antigens contained 10 to 50%o protein which was part of the active site since protease digestion significantly decreased antigenic activity. Neutral sugars, ranging from 13 to 75%, made up the rest of the active site, and <1% phosphate was detected in mycelial antigens. Geotrichum, Cladosporium, and Aspergillus antigens contained mainly glucose, galactose, and mannose. Mucor antigens contained these sugars plus fucose. The percentage of sugars differed between the mycelia and extracellular antigens. Enzymatic digestion and competitive inhibition tests using different sugar derivatives showed that galactosyl residues with 1 linkages were immunodominant for Aspergilus, Geotrichum, and Cladosporium antigens and mannosyl residues with a linkages were immunodominant for Mucor antigens.

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Immunological Studies on Dermatophytes III. Further Analyses of the Reactivities of Neutral Polysaccharides with Rabbit Antisera to Microsporum quinckeanum, Trichophyton schoenleinii, Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton interdigitale , and Trichophyton granulosum

Cited by 21 publications

References 9 publications

Cutaneous defenses against dermatophytes and yeasts

Cutaneous defenses against dermatophytes and yeasts

Immunology of dermatophytes and dermatophytosis.

Partial purification and characterization of mold antigens commonly found in foods

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