Immunological Targets of Biologic Drugs in Allergic Skin Diseases in Children

Filippo, Paola Di; Russo, Daniele; Attanasi, Marina; Pillo, Sabrina Di; Chiarelli, Francesco

doi:10.3390/biomedicines9111615

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 106 publications

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“…These novel biologics are regarded as an efficient and safe treatment, but their availability and high cost severely impair their usefulness. 152 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of gut microbiome on skin health: gut-skin axis observed through the lenses of therapeutics and skin diseases

et al. 2022

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The human intestine hosts diverse microbial communities that play a significant role in maintaining gut-skin homeostasis. When the relationship between gut microbiome and the immune system is impaired, subsequent effects can be triggered on the skin, potentially promoting the development of skin diseases. The mechanisms through which the gut microbiome affects skin health are still unclear. Enhancing our understanding on the connection between skin and gut microbiome is needed to find novel ways to treat human skin disorders. In this review, we systematically evaluate current data regarding microbial ecology of healthy skin and gut, diet, pre- and probiotics, and antibiotics, on gut microbiome and their effects on skin health. We discuss potential mechanisms of the gut-skin axis and the link between the gut and skin-associated diseases, such as psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, acne vulgaris, rosacea, alopecia areata, and hidradenitis suppurativa. This review will increase our understanding of the impacts of gut microbiome on skin conditions to aid in finding new medications for skin-associated diseases.

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“…These novel biologics are regarded as an efficient and safe treatment, but their availability and high cost severely impair their usefulness. 152 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of gut microbiome on skin health: gut-skin axis observed through the lenses of therapeutics and skin diseases

et al. 2022

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“…Due to this pivotal trial, dupilumab is the first ever biologic medicine for people living with AD from infancy to adulthood. Considering its good safety profile and effectiveness, dupilumab has the potential to alleviate the multidimensional burden that asthma and moderate-to-severe AD place on infants, toddlers and their families [11,21]. In addition, recent evidence has suggested new potentially preventive functions of dupilumab [22].…”

Section: Results and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dupilumab in Children and Adolescents with Severe Atopic Dermatitis and Severe Asthma: A Case Series

Russo,

Pellegrino,

Di Filippo

et al. 2023

Applied Sciences

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The increasing incidence and common specific inflammatory type 2 intracellular pathways have recently allowed for the rise of new biologic therapies in two inflammatory chronic diseases in children: atopic dermatitis (AD) and severe asthma. Such therapies aim at relieving symptoms and reducing inflammation by treating the underlying molecular causes. Dupilumab is a monoclonal antibody indicated in children with moderate–severe AD and severe asthma ineffectively responsive to standard treatments. Here, we report a case series of seven consecutive children with moderate–severe AD, with three of them also affected by asthma and treated with dupilumab. The children experienced a reduction in the extent and severity of lesions and decreased intensity of symptoms, leading to better asthma control, a general improvement in sleep and quality of life (QoL), with a good safety profile. Notwithstanding the observed clinical improvement, further larger prospective studies are needed to better tailor the treatment duration and the potential preventive and long-lasting effects.

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“…Biologics such as dupilumab, targeting the IL-4 receptor to block type-2 inflammation, mepolizumab against IL-5, and tezepelumab and etokimab targeting TSLP and IL-33, respectively, alongside nemolizumab, which focuses on the IL-31 receptor crucial for mediating itch, represent pivotal advancements. These developments offer targeted relief from the inflammatory and pruritic aspects of AD and CSU [42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The total UAS7 score is the sum of these daily assessments, with a maximum potential score of 42. The cumulative score categorizes CSU severity into three levels: mild (0-15), moderate (16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27), and severe (28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42), enabling a nuanced understanding of the disease's impact on the patient.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Alarmin Triad—IL-25, IL-33, and TSLP—Serum Levels and Their Clinical Implications in Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria

Dobrican-Băruța,

Deleanu,

Muntean

et al. 2024

IJMS

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This study delves into the critical role of alarmins in chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU), focusing on their impact on disease severity and the quality of life (QoL) of patients. We investigated the alterations in alarmin levels in CSU patients and their correlations with the Urticaria Activity Score (UAS7) and the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI). We analyzed serum levels of interleukin-25 (IL-25), interleukin-33 (IL-33), and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) in 50 CSU patients, comparing these to 38 healthy controls. The study examined the relationship between alarmin levels and clinical outcomes, including disease severity and QoL. Elevated levels of IL-33 and TSLP in CSU patients (p < 0.0001) highlight their potential role in CSU pathogenesis. Although IL-25 showed higher levels in CSU patients, this did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.0823). Crucially, IL-33’s correlation with both UAS7 and DLQI scores underscores its potential as a biomarker for CSU diagnosis and severity assessment. Of the alarmins analyzed, IL-33 emerges as particularly significant for further exploration as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in CSU. Its substantial correlation with disease severity and impact on QoL makes it a compelling candidate for future research, potentially serving as a target for therapeutic interventions. Given these findings, IL-33 deserves additional investigation to confirm its role and effectiveness as a biomarker and therapeutic target in CSU.

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Immunological Targets of Biologic Drugs in Allergic Skin Diseases in Children

Cited by 7 publications

References 106 publications

Impact of gut microbiome on skin health: gut-skin axis observed through the lenses of therapeutics and skin diseases

Impact of gut microbiome on skin health: gut-skin axis observed through the lenses of therapeutics and skin diseases

Dupilumab in Children and Adolescents with Severe Atopic Dermatitis and Severe Asthma: A Case Series

The Alarmin Triad—IL-25, IL-33, and TSLP—Serum Levels and Their Clinical Implications in Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria

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