Immunomodulating peptides of natural and synthetic origin

Georgiev, V. Saint

doi:10.1002/med.2610110106

Cited by 16 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 238 publications

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“…Additionally, cyclosporine treatment did not significantly influence the level of PBMC virus titer at any time during the experiment, however at 4 weeks p.i., all cats in the group had PBMC titers at the upper limit of the test used. Cyclosporine is a potent immunosuppressive agent, specifically inhibiting Tcell activation, with depression of T-cell proliferation and suppression of cytokine production [34]. It is suggested that during the first 2 weeks of this study, the suppression of T-cell activation induced by cyclosporine resulted in diminished FIV replication with an accompanying decrease in the production of infectious virus in plasma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Agents that suppress T cell activation may therefore limit the rate of viral replication in vivo. Cyclosporine is a powerful immunosuppressive agent causing a marked reduction in the level of T cell activation [34] and we examined the effect of this suppression of cell activation on the titers of virus in plasma and PBMC of cats infected with FIV.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Feline immunodeficiency virus infection: plasma, but not peripheral blood mononuclear cell virus titer is influenced by zidovudine and cyclosporine

Meers

Fierro

Cope

et al. 1993

Archives of Virology

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The plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) titer of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) in experimentally infected cats was assessed following administration of either zidovudine or cyclosporine. Treatments were begun 24 h post infection (p.i.) and continued for 4 weeks. Zidovudine treatment did not prevent establishment of infection with FIV, but plasma virus titers were significantly lower than controls at 2 weeks p.i. This reduction of plasma virus titer by zidovudine was not maintained at subsequent sampling times. Similarly, cyclosporine treatment initially lowered plasma virus titers at 2 weeks p.i., but at 4 weeks p.i. the plasma virus titers in cyclosporine-treated cats were significantly higher than in the untreated group. In the untreated group, plasma virus titers declined rapidly to an undetectable level by 14 weeks p.i. Neither zidovudine or cyclosporine treatment significantly influenced the titer of FIV in PBMCs. In all groups (untreated, zidovudine and cyclosporine) the titers in PBMC were high for the duration of the experiment. The decline in plasma virus titers in immunocompetent cats combined with the effect of cyclosporine on plasma titers strongly suggest that the immune system plays a major role in clearing FIV from plasma. In contrast, it appears that the immune response has little impact on PBMC virus titers. This shows that for complete assessment of antiviral agents, both cell-free and cell-associated virus titers must be examined. We also suggest that the limitation of viral titers in PBMC may be of critical importance in the control of lentiviral infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feline immunodeficiency virus infection: plasma, but not peripheral blood mononuclear cell virus titer is influenced by zidovudine and cyclosporine

Meers

Fierro

Cope

et al. 1993

Archives of Virology

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“…Generally, the IRMs may be divided into substances of endogenous origin, normally produced by the genome of the host and those of exogenous origin which are not products of mammalian genome, but may stimulate production of endogenous IRMs and modulate the immune response of the host (Roth, 1988). The capacity of tested endogenous (neuropeptides, hormones, cytokines, immunoglobulins, peptides) and exogenous IRMs (plant and microbial extracts, synthetic compounds, feed additives, drugs) to improve immune status of laboratory and domestic animal species has been thoroughly reviewed (Wybran, 1988;Georgiev, 1991Georgiev, , 1993Valpotić, 2000). The synthesis of all these classifications, supplemented with newly emerged bioactive organisms/substances is given in the …”

Section: Early Days Of Irmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunoregulation: A Proposal for an Experimental Model

Šperanda¹,

Valpotić²

2012

Immunosuppression - Role in Health and Diseases

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“…An immunomodulatory drug should be able to directly influence a specific immune reaction or to modify one or more components of the immune network to accomplish an indirect effect on specific immunological functions. Major efforts are underway to develop drugs that can modulate the host natural defense and restore impaired immune functions [1][2][3][4][5] .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%