Immunomodulators secreted from parasitic helminths act on pattern recognition receptors

Tsubokawa, Daigo

doi:10.3389/fpara.2022.1091596

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…Lipids, glycoproteins, and other molecules derived from helminths can bind to PRRs within immune cells (Abou-El-Naga and Mogahed, 2022). Immune responses are activated by PRRs when they recognize pathogen-associated patterns (Tsubokawa, 2023). Immune cells become activated after helminth molecules bind to PRRs, which affects downstream processes.…”

Section: How Helminths Interact With the Immune Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Helminths to Fight Cancer: An Innovative Approach

Ameli,

Masoumi,

Kerachi

et al. 2023

WVJ

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As an alternative treatment in cancer therapy, there has been a growing interest in using helminths, such as Trichinella spiralis (T. spiralis), Echinococcus granulosus (E. granulosus), Toxocara canis (T. canis), and Taenia solium (T. solium). This study aimed to investigate the antigens and mechanisms that contribute to the anticancer properties of helminths, providing insights into how helminths may be used as a new and innovative treatment modality for cancer. The current review analyzed preclinical and clinical studies published between 2000 and 2023. The present study sought to obtain information on helminths, such as E. granulosus, T. spiralis, T. canis, and T. solium, to treat cancers of the breast, pancreas, melanoma, and leukemia by exploring databases, such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus. Studies focusing on helminth therapy against particular cancer types for in vitro and animal models were included. Several studies have shown the possibility of inhibiting breast, colon, melanoma, and leukemia tumor growth, inducing apoptosis, and modulating the tumor microenvironment with E. granulosus, T. spiralis, T. canis, and T. solium based on in vitro and animal models studies. Some studies have indicated that helminth therapy can improve survival rates, reduce tumor growth, and stimulate the immune system in cancer patients. A potential improvement in treatment outcomes can be used for combination therapies, such as antigen selection, immune profiling, and individualized approaches based on helminth therapy. Helminth therapy is an additional option for cancer treatment, emphasizing T. spiralis, E. granulosus, T. canis, and T. solium. These helminth antigens could modulate immune responses and directly cause cytotoxicity in cancer cells.

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Section: How Helminths Interact With the Immune Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%