“…Notable among them are LF and LPO, which are basic proteins with respective pI values of 8-9 and 9.62 (Hahn, Schulz, Schaupp, & Jungbauer, 1998) and are bound to OPN in physiologically conditioned PBS with dissociation constants of 1.3 Â 10 À6 and 2.5 Â 10 À6 , respectively. LF functions as an antimicrobial agent for host defense and as a physiological regulator with respect to inflammatory and immune responses (Brock, 2002;Tomita, Wakabayashi, Yamauchi, Teraguchi, & Hayasawa, 2002;Miyauchi, Kaino, Shinoda, Fukuwatari, & Hayasawa, 1997), inhibiting complement activity (Kijlstra & Jeurissen, 1982), and activating NK cells, lymphokineactivated killer cells (Shau, Kim, & Golub, 1992), polymorphonuclear leukocytes and macrophages (Gahr, Speer, Damerau, & Sawatzki, 1991). LPO, a hemecontaining oxidation-reduction enzyme, is part of an antimicrobial system that converts thiocyanate to hydrothiocyanate which can kill both Gram-positive (Steele & Morrisons, 1969) and Gram-negative (Bjo¨rck, Rosen, Marshall, & Reiter, 1975) bacteria.…”