Immunomodulatory effect of Schisandra polysaccharides in cyclophosphamide‑induced immunocompromised mice

Abstract

As a strategy to prevent the well-known immunosuppressant effects of cyclophosphamide (Cyp), the immunomodulatory effects of the polysaccharide extract of the fruit of Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. were investigated in the present study. The crude Schisandra polysaccharide (SCP) was obtained by water extraction and alcohol precipitation methods. The total carbohydrate, uronic acid and protein contents were determined using the phenol-sulfuric acid, m-hydroxydiphenyl and Bradford method, respectively. The monosaccharide composition of SCP was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. ICR mice were randomly divided into control, model, low-dose SCP (0.4 mg/10 g), medium-dose SCP (0.8 mg/10 g) and high-dose SCP (1.6 mg/10 g) groups. The mice in the SCP groups were intragastrically administered SCP once a day for 21 days and those from the control and model groups were administered the same volume of distilled water. Subsequently, the mice in the model and SCP groups were intraperitoneally injected with Cyp (20 mg/kg) once a day for 5 days. The mouse leukocyte count in the peripheral blood as well as thymus and spleen indexes were determined, and the phagocytic function of macrophages was estimated using a carbon clearance test. The thymus and spleen were histomorphologically observed. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α and interferon-γ were measured by ELISA. Furthermore, antibody formation and spleen lymphocyte proliferation were measured by the serum hemolysin and the MTT method, respectively. The apoptotic rate of splenic lymphocytes was determined by flow cytometric analysis. The results indicated that SCP prevents Cyp-induced impairment of the cellular, humoral and non-specific immunity, and may be an auxiliary immune enhancer for the prevention of immune hypofunction.

CRUDE POLYSACCHARIDES EFFECT OF Coriolus versicolor ON Mycobacterium fortuitum-INDUCED IMMUNE DYSFUNTION IN MICE

“…A decrease in the number of phagocytes causes disorders of certain immune factors, leading to a decrease in immune function. The administration of Schisandra polysaccharides significantly inhibits the decrease in phagocytes in mice immune compromised with cyclophosphamide (Yu et al, 2018). The results of the present study indicated that crude polysaccharide of C. versicolor significantly inhibits the decrease in the number of phagocytes in mice immune dysfunction induced M. forfoitum.…”

Immunomodulatory effects of a new whole ingredients extract from Astragalus: a combined evaluation on chemistry and pharmacology

“…In addition, mice in Group 1 (normal control group) were received and injected an equivalent volume of sterile saline with same producer for comparison. On day-19, the animals were sacrificed by CO 2 asphyxiation, and the thymus, spleen and serum were harvested for future determinations [11]. All the experimental protocols were in accordance with the National Institutes of Health guidelines for the Care of Use of Laboratory Animals, and approved by the Animal Research Ethics Committee (reference No: UMARE-014-2017), University of Macau, Macao SAR, China.…”

<p>Regulatory Effect of Anwulignan on the Immune Function Through Its Antioxidation and Anti-Apoptosis in D-Galactose-Induced Aging Mice</p>

“…51,52 The apoptosis of immune cells is closely related to the regulation of the immune system, and is an important index to evaluate the changes of immune function. 53 As important regulators of apoptosis, the expressions of both anti-apoptotic proteins represented by Bcl2 and pro-apoptotic proteins represented by Bax and Caspase-3 determine the trend of apoptosis. 54,55 Interestingly, apoptosis is also related to Nrf2.…”