Immunomodulatory effects of heat stress and lipopolysaccharide on the bursal transcriptome in two distinct chicken lines

Monson, Melissa S.; Goor, Angelica G. Van; Ashwell, C. M.; Persia, Michael E.; Rothschild, Max F.; Schmidt, Carl J.; Lamont, Susan J.

doi:10.1186/s12864-018-5033-y

Cited by 46 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…The Wnt/β-catenin pathway, or so-called canonical Wnt signaling, is well known for a signaling stream that is involved in chicken primordial germ cells development, specification, migration, and proliferation (Kimura et al 2006; Ohinata et al, 2009; Laird et al, 2011; Chawengsaksophak et al, 2012). Recent studies indicate that Wnt ligands and Wnt receptors are expressed in the bursa (Sun et al, 2015; Liu et al, 2016; Monson et al, 2018). In the current study, Frizzled ( FZD ) receptors FZD2, 7, 8, and 10 and Wnt co-receptors low-density lipoprotein-related proteins ( LRP ) LRP1, 2, and 4 were upregulated from ED16–ED19.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic analysis of early B-cell development in the chicken embryo

et al. 2019

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The chicken bursa of Fabricius is a primary lymphoid tissue important for B-cell development. Our long-term goal is to understand the role of bursal microenvironment in an early B-cell differentiation event initiating repertoire development through immunoglobulin gene conversion in the chick embryo. We hypothesize that early bursal B-cell differentiation is guided by signals through cytokine receptors. Our theory is based on previous evidence for expression of the receptor tyrosine kinase superfamily members and interleukin receptors in unseparated populations of bursal B-cells and bursal tissue. Knowledge of the expressed genes that are responsible for B-cell differentiation is a prerequisite for understanding the bursal microenvironment's function. This project uses transcriptomic analysis to evaluate gene expression across early B-cell development. RNA-seq was performed with total RNA isolated from bursal B-cells at embryonic day (ED) 16 and ED 19 (n = 3). Approximately 90 million high-quality clean reads were obtained from the cDNA libraries. The analysis revealed differentially expressed genes involved in the Jak-STAT pathway, Wnt signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, metabolic pathways including tyrosine metabolism, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, and cell-adhesion molecules. The genes predicted to encode surface receptors, signal transduction proteins, and transcription factors identified in this study represent gene candidates for controlling B-cell development in response to differentiation factors in the bursal microenvironment.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic analysis of early B-cell development in the chicken embryo

et al. 2019

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“…Therefore, increased endotoxin concentration in the blood might lead to a vicious circle, impairing the gut barrier function, and finally, more endotoxin can translocate to the blood. Furthermore, one study describes the effect of heat stress combined with subcutaneous injection of 100 µg/kg LPS derived from Salmonella enterica typhimurium [ 62 ]. In accordance with our study, the combined treatment had the most pronounced impact on gene expression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endotoxin Translocation and Gut Inflammation Are Increased in Broiler Chickens Receiving an Oral Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) Bolus during Heat Stress

Reisinger¹,

Emsenhuber²,

Doupovec³

et al. 2020

Toxins

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Lipopolysaccharides (LPS), also termed endotoxins, are the major component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. In general, endotoxins in the intestine are considered harmless in healthy animals. However, different stressors, such as heat stress, can lead to a compromised gut barrier, resulting in endotoxin translocation. Chickens are considered to be less sensitive to the effects of LPS compared with other species, for example, humans, pigs, or calves, probably because of the lack of the functional-specific TRAM-TRIF signalling pathway (MyD88-independent). Therefore, six LPS preparations (three different strains with two different preparation methods each) were compared in murine macrophages and characterized according to their MyD88-dependent pathway activation. All tested LPS preparations induced a strong inflammatory response after 4 and 24 h on a murine macrophage cell line. However, there was a similar strong response in the gene expression profile as well as production of nitrite oxide and TNF-alpha from LPS of different strains and preparation methods. On the basis of the results of the in vitro study, one LPS preparation was chosen for the subsequent in vivo study with broilers to assess the effect of an oral LPS bolus (E. coli O55:B5 phenol extracted; 2 mg/kg b.w.) during heat stress conditions (10 h, 36 °C). The most pronounced effects were seen in broilers receiving the oral LPS bolus during heat stress conditions. The endotoxin activity in the intestine as well as the serum concentration of the 3-OH C14 (part of LPS) were increased. In addition, an increased expression of genes related to inflammation and stress response (e.g., IL-6, IL-1beta, HSP70) was observed, whereas the expression of genes associated with gut health (e.g., MUC2, FABP2) was decreased. To conclude, an increase of intestinal LPS combined with heat stress can pose a risk to animal health.

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“…The inbred Fayoumi line included in this study has been shown to be relatively more resistant against various pathogens and environmental stresses than the inbred Leghorn line or a broiler line, including the Fayoumi line activating immune-related signaling pathways against viral infection and LPS treatment with/without heat stress [ 32 , 59 , 60 , 61 ]. In this study, we investigated the expression of 20 chicken HDPs before and after induction by LPS and poly(I:C) in embryonic fibroblasts and bone marrow-derived cells from the inbred Fayoumi M15.2 and Leghorn Ghs6 chicken lines.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction of Chicken Host Defense Peptides within Disease-Resistant and -Susceptible Lines

Jang

Monson

Kaiser

et al. 2020

Genes

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Host defense peptides (HDPs) are multifunctional immune molecules that respond to bacterial and viral pathogens. In the present study, bone marrow-derived cells (BMCs) and chicken embryonic fibroblasts (CEFs) were cultured from a Leghorn line (Ghs6) and Fayoumi line (M15.2), which are inbred chicken lines relatively susceptible and resistant to various diseases, respectively. The cells were treated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C)) and, subsequently, mRNA expression of 20 chicken HDPs was analyzed before and after the stimulation. At homeostasis, many genes differed between the chicken lines, with the Fayoumi line having significantly higher expression (p < 0.05) than the Leghorn line: AvBD1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 7 in BMCs; CATH1, CATH3, and GNLY in CEFs; and AvDB5, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 in both BMCs and CEFs. After LPS treatment, the expression of AvBD1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 9, 12, CATH1, and CATHB1 was significantly upregulated in BMCs, but no genes changed expression in CEFs. After poly(I:C) treatment, AvBD2, 11, 12, 13, CATHB1 and LEAP2 increased in both cell types; CATH2 only increased in BMCs; and AvBD3, 6, 9, 14, CATH1, CATH3, and GNLY only increased in CEFs. In addition, AvBD7, AvBD14, CATH1, CATH2, GNLY, and LEAP2 showed line-specific expression dependent upon cell type (BMC and CEF) and stimulant (LPS and poly(I:C)). The characterization of mRNA expression patterns of chicken HDPs in the present study suggests that their functions may be associated with multiple types of disease resistance in chickens.

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Immunomodulatory effects of heat stress and lipopolysaccharide on the bursal transcriptome in two distinct chicken lines

Cited by 46 publications

References 79 publications

Transcriptomic analysis of early B-cell development in the chicken embryo

Transcriptomic analysis of early B-cell development in the chicken embryo

Endotoxin Translocation and Gut Inflammation Are Increased in Broiler Chickens Receiving an Oral Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) Bolus during Heat Stress

Induction of Chicken Host Defense Peptides within Disease-Resistant and -Susceptible Lines

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