Immunomodulatory effects of phytosomal curcumin on related‐micro RNAs, CD200 expression and inflammatory pathways in dental pulp stem cells

Abstract

Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) have significant potential of immunomodulatory for therapeutic and regenerative biomedical applications compared to other mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Nowadays, alteration of gene expression is an important way to improve the performance of MSCs in the clinic. MicroRNAs (miRs) and CD200 are known to modulate the immune system in MSCs. Curcumin is famous for its anti-inflammatory impacts. Phytosomal curcumin (PC) is a nanoparticle synthesized from curcumin that removes the drawbacks of curcumin. The purpose of this research was to assess the effects of PC on the expression of the CD200 and four key miRNAs in immune system. PC (30 μM) treatment of hDPSCs could ameliorate their immunoregulatory property, presented by reduced expressions of miR-21, miR-155 and miR-126, as well as enhanced expressions of miR-23 and CD200. The PC was also able to reduce PI3K\AKT1\NF-κB expressions that were target genes for these miRs and involved in inflammatory pathways. Moreover, PC was more effective than curcumin in improving the immune modulation of hDPSCs. Evidence in this study suggested that PC mediates immunoregulatory activities in hDPSC via miRs and CD200 to regulate PI3K\AKT1\NF-κB signalling pathways, which may provide a theoretical basis for PC in the treatment of many diseases.

Curcumin Alleviates the Senescence of Canine Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells during In Vitro Expansion by Activating the Autophagy Pathway

“…Initial reports have indicated that autophagy is a predominantly cytoprotective mechanism and that an increased level of autophagy can delay cellular senescence by reducing the accumulation of toxic metabolites and restoring the function of organelles [ 63 ]. Interestingly, recent investigations have also shown that increased numbers of autophagic vacuoles and autophagy-related proteins (LC3-II, ATG7, and ATG12) were observed during MSC senescence, while the inhibition of autophagy with bafilomycin A1 and 3-MA was shown to reduce the percentage of SA-β-gal-positive cells and the expression of p16 and p21 [ 35 ]. To further elucidate the relationship between Cur-induced autophagy and its effects on cBMSC senescence, autophagy was modulated by pretreatment with rapamycin or 3-MA.…”

“…Indeed, the fact that Cur possesses pleiotropic activity could be attributed to their activation and protection effects on MSCs [ 31 , 32 ]. Several studies have confirmed that Cur is involved in regulating the immunomodulatory capabilities; the differential potential of MSCs to different cell lineages (neurocyte, chondrocyte, adipocyte, and osteoblast), and in multiple signaling mechanisms is involved in this process [ 28 , 31 , 33 , 34 , 35 ]. Moreover, Cur is also regarded as a good antioxidant by which to improve the lifespan of rat adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) due to the increase in the telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) gene expression [ 36 ].…”

Effect of HM-Exos on the migration and inflammatory response of LPS-exposed dental pulp stem cells

“…Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells found in a variety of adult tissues, including bone marrow, adipose tissue, and tooth pulp. These cells are distinguished by their ability to self-renew and multidifferentiate [16][17][18]. MSCs have a high paracrine influence on the body.…”

Different expression patterns of inflammatory cytokines induced by lipopolysaccharides from Escherichia coli or Porphyromonas gingivalis in human dental pulp stem cells

“…DPSCs also involved in modulation of pulp inflammation [ 5 ]. Recent evidences have revealed that DPSCs could modulate the secretion of inflammatory cytokines and participate in the host immune response [ 6 – 8 ]. The immunomodulatory potential of DPSCs may be of particular importance for pulp tissue to repair or regenerate under conditions of pulpitis.…”