Immunomodulatory effects of supercritical CO₂ extracted oils from Portulaca oleracea and Perilla frutescens (PPCE) in healthy individuals: a randomized double-blind clinical trial

Abstract

This study evaluated the immune-boosting effects of Portulaca oleracea L. and Perilla frutescens var. japonica Hara extract oils (PPCE) in healthy individuals. PPCE improved NK cell activity and cytokine levels (IL-12, IFN-γ) without adverse effects, supporting immune enhancement.