Immunomodulatory Medications in Uveitis

Systemic Treatment of Vitreous Inflammation

“…CBC and liver function tests are repeated at 4 to 6 week intervals during treatment. Treatment dose should be decreased in cases of mild abnormalities and temporarily discontinued and resumed at lower doses in the presence of major abnormalities [25]. Treatment is continued for 2 years following ocular quiescence [24].…”

Scleral melt following Retisert intravitreal fluocinolone implant

“…The repeated administration nature of periocular and intravitreal steroid injections as well as the increased incidence of side effects associated both with topically and systemically administered corticosteroids 2 – 4 led to the development of slow-release therapeutic modalities. Based on a Phase III study showing that the 34-week risk of uveitic recurrence fell significantly from 51.4% to 6.1% and visual acuity improved significantly, 5 , 6 the Food and Drug Administration approved an intravitreal fluocinolone acetonide (FA) implant that could deliver a sustained dose of corticosteroid (Retisert; Bausch & Lomb Incorporated, Bridgewater, NJ, USA) for the treatment of the posterior uveitis.…”

Estudo eletrofisiológico dos efeitos da injeção intravítrea de ácido micofenólico (mpa) na retina de coelhos

“…Em casos resistentes, nos quais as doses altas de corticóides provocam efeitos colaterais graves, ou nos quais o tratamento prolonga-se muito, opta-se por outras drogas imunossupressoras, como ciclosporina A, clorambucil, azatioprina e metotrexato. Todos esses medicamentos agem sobre linfócitos modulando sua ação (Vavvas & Foster, 2004) No entanto, essas drogas também oferecem riscos devido a seus efeitos tóxicos sobre o fígado e sobre o metabolismo de proteínas e de glicose. A azatioprina, por exemplo, pode causar supressão da medula óssea (particularmente leucopenia), distúrbios hepáticos, perda de apetite, náusea, vômitos e diarréia.…”