Immunomorphological analysis of long-term poisoning with small doses of the herbicide simazine

Barshtein, Yu. A.; Палий, Г. К.; Persidskii, Yu. V.; Ben'yaminov, V. O.; Pushkar, M. S.

doi:10.1007/bf00840535

Cited by 3 publications

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“…To date, most studies of immune toxicity resulting from triazine herbicides have focused on atrazine (Filipov et al 2005), and there have been only a few studies on simazine. Barshtein, Palii, and Persidskii (1991) found that simazine could impair T-lymphocyte function and inhibit the phagocytic activities of neutrophils. Kim et al (2003) found that simazine reduced the production of nitric oxide and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) by mouse macrophages in vitro and interfered with the generation of interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-6, and interferon.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Exposure to the Herbicide Simazine Induces Mouse Spleen Immunotoxicity and Immune Cell Apoptosis

et al. 2012

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The authors investigated the toxic effects of simazine on mice spleen immune cells and the underlying mechanisms. Mice were given simazine at 0, 90, 200, or 400 mg/kg by gastric gavage for 3 weeks. The authors then measured immune cell proliferation and the expressions of apoptosis-related proteins (Bcl-2, Bax, Fas, and caspase-3), spleen cell intracellular [Ca 2þ ], cellular oxidative stress level, and immune functions. After 3 weeks, mice exposed to simazine had reduced proliferation of both spleen T and B cells. The number of spleen CD4 þ T lymphocytes decreased with simazine exposure, while CD8 þ T cells remained unchanged. Exposure to simazine resulted in reduced immune function, higher intracellular [Ca 2þ ], and oxidative stress. Finally, simazine induced spleen immune cells apoptosis by reducing Bcl-2, while increasing Fas and Caspase-3 level. Overall, the immunotoxicity of simazine may involve the induction of immune cell apoptosis and alterations in the immune and physiological functions of spleen cells.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Exposure to the Herbicide Simazine Induces Mouse Spleen Immunotoxicity and Immune Cell Apoptosis

et al. 2012

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The immunomodulatory effects of the herbicide simazine on murine macrophage functions in vitro

Kim¹,

Son²,

Rhee³

et al. 2002

Toxicology in Vitro

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Immune Alterations in Mice Exposed to the Herbicide Simazine

Kim

Son

Hee-Um

et al. 2003

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A

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Simazine, a triazine herbicide, was investigated for its in vivo immunomodulatory properties. Male C57Bl/6 mice were treated with vehicle or 300 or 600 mg/kg body weight (bw) simazine daily orally for 4 wk. The immune system was evaluated by the antibody response to sheep red blood cells (SRBC; plaque assay and serum immunoglobulin G), natural killer (NK) and macro-phage activities, lymphocyte subpopulations in the spleen and thymus, and concanavalin A (Con A)- and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated lymphocyte proliferation using splenocytes. Body weight and spleen and thymus weight decreased generally in simazine-treated mice, while the weight of adrenal glands was higher than in the control. Simazine treatment (600 mg/kg) induced an increase in the percentage of CD4(+) cells in spleen and CD8 + in thymus. Simazine inhibited the IgM plaque-forming cell numbers and lowered the level of IgG and the proliferation of mitogen-stimulated B cells and T cells. In addition, splenic NK and peritoneal macrophage activities in exposed mice were significantly decreased. Exposure to simazine also decreased cytokine production by macrophages, such as interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). Taken together, data indicate that the immune system was suppressed by oral simazine exposure.

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Immunomorphological analysis of long-term poisoning with small doses of the herbicide simazine

Cited by 3 publications

References 1 publication

Oral Exposure to the Herbicide Simazine Induces Mouse Spleen Immunotoxicity and Immune Cell Apoptosis

Oral Exposure to the Herbicide Simazine Induces Mouse Spleen Immunotoxicity and Immune Cell Apoptosis

The immunomodulatory effects of the herbicide simazine on murine macrophage functions in vitro

Immune Alterations in Mice Exposed to the Herbicide Simazine

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