Immunonutrition improves functional capacities in head and neck and esophageal cancer patients undergoing radiochemotherapy: A randomized clinical trial

Vasson, Marie‐Paule; Talvas, Jérémie; Perche, Olivier; Dillies, Anne-Françoise; Bachmann, Patrick; Pezet, Denis; Achim, Anda Carmen; Pommier, P.; Racadot, S.; Weber, Augustine; Ramdani, Mohamed; Kwiatkowski, Fabrice; Bouteloup, Corinne

doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2013.06.008

Cited by 65 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…However, Karnofsky score and subjective parameters, such as the NRS 2002 and the SGA score were significantly improved in the experimental group compared with the control group, indicating improved nutritional and functional status [102]. Similar results reported by another randomized double-blind clinical trial showed that administration of immunonutrition during chemoradiotherapy in head and neck and esophageal cancer patients was advantageous over standard enteral nutrition in terms of body weight, lean body mass, serum albumin levels, NRI assessment, plasma antioxidant capacity, and functional capacity [103].…”

Section: Nutritional Interventions During Chemoradiotherapysupporting

confidence: 72%

Nutritional Management of Esophageal Cancer Patients

Schizas¹,

Lidoriki²,

Moris³

et al. 2017

Esophageal Abnormalities

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Esophageal cancer is associated with malnutrition in the vast majority of patients. This phenomenon is partly attributed to the disease process itself, the location of the tumor and other factors, such as dysphagia which is often accentuated due to chemotherapy/ radiotherapy treatment or surgical intervention. The poor nutritional status of these patients is often related to the presence of cancer cachexia, altered metabolism, and tissue wasting. Malnutrition in this patient population affects quality of life, worsens patient's tolerance to chemotherapy and accounts for lower survival. Nutritional management of these patients includes both proper nutritional assessment and support and might prevent, to a certain extent, the manifestation of malnutrition-related consequences. The purpose of this article is to review the current literature in order to focus on the etiology and diagnosis of malnutrition in esophageal cancer patients, emphasizing also on the optimal nutritional support during multimodality treatment.

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Section: Nutritional Interventions During Chemoradiotherapysupporting

confidence: 72%

Nutritional Management of Esophageal Cancer Patients

Schizas¹,

Lidoriki²,

Moris³

et al. 2017

Esophageal Abnormalities

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“…The results indicated that in enteral nutrition patients a significant gain in total body weight, albuminemia and plasma antioxidant capacity was observed. Functional capacity measured by WHO Performance Status and Karnofsky index was maintained in this group, but was significantly reduced in patients receiving standard enteral nutrition [175]. A different oral supplementation containing amino acids, omega-3 FAs, ribonucleic acids, vitamins and antioxidants resulted less effective in ameliorating pro-inflammatory, pro-angiogenic, and pro-oxidative status in 31 patients with non-metastatic stage III or IV head and neck squamous cell carcinoma treated with concomitant radiochemotherapy [176].…”

Section: Head and Neck And Esophageal Cancersmentioning

confidence: 82%

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and cancer: lessons learned from clinical trials

Nabavi

Bilotto

Russo

et al. 2015

Cancer Metastasis Rev

141

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Over the past decades, extensive studies have addressed the therapeutic effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 FAs) against different human diseases such as cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, etc. A growing body of scientific research shows the pharmacokinetic information and safety of these natural occurring substances. Moreover, during recent years, a plethora of studies has demonstrated that omega-3 FAs possess therapeutic role against certain types of cancer. It is also known that omega-3 FAs can improve efficacy and tolerability of chemotherapy. Previous reports showed that suppression of nuclear factor-κB, activation of AMPK/SIRT1, modulation of cyclooxygenase (COX) activity, and up-regulation of novel anti-inflammatory lipid mediators such as protectins, maresins, and resolvins, are the main mechanisms of antineoplastic effect of omega-3 FAs. In this review, we have collected the available clinical data on the therapeutic role of omega-3 FAs against breast cancer, colorectal cancer, leukemia, gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, esophageal cancer, prostate cancer, lung cancer, head and neck cancer, as well as cancer cachexia. We also discussed the chemistry, dietary source, and bioavailability of omega-3 FAs, and the potential molecular mechanisms of anticancer and adverse effects.

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“…Such small differences in muscle protein synthesis or breakdown rates are far too small to be evaluated with contemporary stable isotope methodology in (heterogeneous) patient cohorts of 10–20 patients. However, it should be noted that in some cases, much greater losses in muscle mass are observed in shorter time frames, making observations of changes in basal or postprandial protein metabolism more evident [31,32,33,34]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Cancer Cachexia Attributed to Impairments in Basal or Postprandial Muscle Protein Metabolism?

et al. 2016

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Cachexia is a significant clinical problem associated with very poor quality of life, reduced treatment tolerance and outcomes, and a high mortality rate. Mechanistically, any sizeable loss of skeletal muscle mass must be underpinned by a structural imbalance between muscle protein synthesis and breakdown rates. Recent data indicate that the loss of muscle mass with aging is, at least partly, attributed to a blunted muscle protein synthetic response to protein feeding. Whether such anabolic resistance is also evident in conditions where cachexia is present remains to be addressed. Only few data are available on muscle protein synthesis and breakdown rates in vivo in cachectic cancer patients. When calculating the theoretical changes in basal or postprandial fractional muscle protein synthesis and breakdown rates that would be required to lose 5% of body weight within a six-month period, we can define the changes that would need to occur to explain the muscle mass loss observed in cachectic patients. If changes in both post-absorptive and postprandial muscle protein synthesis and breakdown rates contribute to the loss of muscle mass, it would take alterations as small as 1%–2% to induce a more than 5% decline in body weight. Therefore, when trying to define impairments in basal and/or postprandial muscle protein synthesis or breakdown rates using contemporary stable isotope methodology in cancer cachexia, we need to select large homogenous groups of cancer patients (>40 patients) to allow us to measure physiological and clinically relevant differences in muscle protein synthesis and/or breakdown rates. Insight into impairments in basal or postprandial muscle protein synthesis and breakdown rates in cancer cachexia is needed to design more targeted nutritional, pharmaceutical and/or physical activity interventions to preserve skeletal muscle mass and, as such, to reduce the risk of complications, improve quality of life, and lower mortality rates during the various stages of the disease.

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Immunonutrition improves functional capacities in head and neck and esophageal cancer patients undergoing radiochemotherapy: A randomized clinical trial

Cited by 65 publications

References 27 publications

Nutritional Management of Esophageal Cancer Patients

Nutritional Management of Esophageal Cancer Patients

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and cancer: lessons learned from clinical trials

Is Cancer Cachexia Attributed to Impairments in Basal or Postprandial Muscle Protein Metabolism?

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