Immunopathogenesis, early Detection, current therapies and prevention of plantar Fasciitis: A concise review

Rabadi, Donya; Seo, Sarah A.; Wong, Brian J. F.; Chung, Daniel C.; Rai, Vikrant; Agrawal, Devendra K.

doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109023

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Common therapies for plantar fasciopathy include conservative treatments (such as rest, ice, orthotics, physical stretching), corticosteroid injections, and even surgical treatments (Rasenberg et al, 2018;Wu FL. et al, 2019;Pinrattana et al, 2021;Rabadi et al, 2022). By either way, the basic principle of the treatment is to unload the stress over the plantar fascia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elasticity evaluation of the plantar fascia: A shear wave elastography study involving 33 early-stage plantar fasciopathy subjects

et al. 2022

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Background: Plantar fasciopathy, the most common foot condition seen in elderly and athletic populations, can be diagnosed and differentially diagnosed with imaging modalities such as ultrasound shear wave elastography (SWE). However, standard guidelines for ultrasound elastography of the plantar fascia are lacking. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of the region of interest (ROI) on the evaluation of the plantar fascia elasticity and confirm the screening accuracy of SWE in the early-stage of plantar fasciopathy.Methods: This was an observational case‒control study involving 50 feet of 33 early-stage plantar fasciopathy subjects (the plantar fasciopathy group) and 96 asymptomatic feet of 48 healthy volunteers (the non-pain group). Clinical information, including age, gender, height, weight, visual analogue scale (VAS) score, American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Scale score (AOFAS), and the symptom duration, were recorded. All participants underwent both conventional ultrasound and SWE evaluation. The plantar fascia elastic parameters included SWEsingle-point, calculated with a single-point ROI set at the greatest thickness of the plantar fascia, and SWEmulti-point, calculated by multipoint ROIs set continuously from the origin at the calcaneus to about 2 cm from the calcaneal origin.Results: The plantar fasciopathy group presented a higher VAS score (median [IQR), 4.00 (3.00) vs. 0.00 (0.00), p < 0.001] and lower AOFAS score [median (IQR), 79.50 (3.00) vs. 100.00 (10.00), p < 0.001] than the non-pain group. The median plantar fascia thickness of the plantar fasciopathy group was significantly greater than that of the non-pain group [median (IQR), 3.95 (1.37) mm vs 2.40 (0.60) mm, p < 0.001]. Abnormal ultrasound features, including echogenicity, border irregularities, and blood flow signals, were more prominent in the plantar fasciopathy group than in the non-pain group (29% vs. 0%, p < 0.001; 26% vs. 1%, p < 0.001; 12% vs. 0%, p < 0.001, respectively). Quantitative analysis of the plantar fascia elasticity revealed that the difference between the value of SWEsingle-point and SWEmultipoint was significant [median (IQR), 65.76 (58.58) vs. 57.42 (35.52) kPa, p = 0.02). There was a moderate and significant correlation between the value of SWEsingle-point and heel pain. However, there was no correlation between the value of SWEmultipoint and heel pain. Finally, we utilized the results of SWEsingle-point as the best elastic parameter reflecting clinical heel pain and found that SWEsingle-point could provide additional value in screening early-stage plantar fasciopathy, with an increase in sensitivity from 76% to 92% over conventional ultrasound alone. Additionally, compared with conventional ultrasound and SWE, the use of both improved the accuracy of screening for plantar fasciopathy. Although there were no significant differences in the negative predictive value of conventional ultrasound, SWE, and their combination, the positive predictive value when using both (90.20%) was significantly greater than that when using conventional ultrasound (74.50%) or SWE alone (76.50%).Conclusion: The plantar fascia elastic parameter calculated with single-point ROIs set at the greatest thickness of the plantar fascia is positively correlated with fascia feel pain. Single-point analysis is sufficient for the screening of the early-stage plantar fasciopathy using SWE. SWEsingle-point may provide additional valuable information for assessing the severity of plantar fasciopathy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elasticity evaluation of the plantar fascia: A shear wave elastography study involving 33 early-stage plantar fasciopathy subjects

et al. 2022

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“…[3] Additionally, fasciitis is associated with various factors, such as direct injury, immune responses, weight-bearing, chronic strain, and abnormal stress on the musculoskeletal system. [53] Moreover, fascial tissue has been proven to have active contractile properties, [54] which can lead to mechanical imbalances in the musculoskeletal system. Therefore, the treatment of fasciitis should consider the interdependence between the fascia, muscles, and pain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical efficacy of botulinum toxin type A in the treatment of fasciitis pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Liu

Xiong

et al. 2023

Medicine

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Background: The purpose of this meta-analysis was to assess the effectiveness of botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) in reducing pain associated with fasciitis. By synthesizing the findings from multiple studies, we aimed to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the current evidence regarding the efficacy of BoNT-A in the treatment of fasciitis pain. Methods: To identify studies for our report, we conducted electronic database searches of Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library from their inception to November 20, 2022. We included only randomized controlled trials that examined the therapeutic effects of BoNT-A on fasciitis pain, with the primary outcome measure being the visual analog scale. We conducted statistical analyses using RevMan 5.4 software. Results: Our final meta-analysis comprised 14 randomized controlled trials involving 537 participants, with 271 patients in the BoNT-A group and 266 patients in the control group. The overall effectiveness of BoNT-A in reducing fasciitis pain was significant, with a mean difference (MD) in visual analog scale score of −2.59 (95% confidence interval [CI], −3.36, −1.82); P < .00001; I 2 = 88%. Subgroup analysis revealed that BoNT-A was particularly effective in treating plantar fasciitis (MD = −3.34 [95% CI, −4.08, −2.78]; P < .00001; I 2 = 75%), lumbar back fasciitis (MD = −2.17 [95% CI, −3.82, −0.52]; P = .001; I 2 = 93%), and neck and shoulder fasciitis (MD = −1.49 [95% CI, −2.76, −0.22]; P = .02; I 2 = 61%). Conclusion: BoNT-A has a significant analgesic effect on fasciitis pain. Therefore, BoNT-A presents a promising alternative treatment option for fasciitis (PROSPERO 2022: CRD42022382805).

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“…The target musculoskeletal disorders that were selected to investigate their association with COVID-19 vaccination were musculoskeletal pathological conditions that could be induced, mediated, or aggravated by an inflammatory response. The selection of target musculoskeletal disorders was made through consensus among the authors based on previous studies, and the ICD-10 codes for search were as follows: plantar fasciitis (M72.2), 15 rotator cuff syndrome (M75.1), 16,17 adhesive capsulitis (M75.0), [18][19][20] herniated intervertebral disc (HIVD) (M50.2/M51.2), [21][22][23] spondylosis (M47.9), 24,25 bursitis (M71.9), 26 Achilles tendinitis (M76.6), 27,28 and de-Quervain tenosynovitis (M65.4). 29,30…”

Section: Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between COVID-19 vaccination and inflammatory musculoskeletal disorders

Park,

Kim,

Choi

et al. 2023

Preprint

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ImportanceEarlier research on COVID-19 vaccines identified a range of adverse reactions related to proinflammatory actions that can lead to an excessive immune response and sustained inflammation. However, no study has been conducted on the association between inflammatory musculoskeletal disorders and COVID-19 vaccines.ObjectiveTo investigate the incidence rates of inflammatory musculoskeletal disorders following COVID-19 vaccination and to compare them with those of unvaccinated individuals.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective nationwide cohort study used data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) database, involving 2,218,715 individuals. Data were collected from January 1, 2021, to 12 weeks after the second dose of vaccine for vaccinated individuals and 12 weeks after September 30, 2021, for unvaccinated individuals.ExposuresStatus was categorized as unvaccinated and vaccinated with mRNA vaccine, viral vector vaccine, and mixing and matching.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was the occurrence of inflammatory musculoskeletal disorders that were selected as plantar fasciitis (ICD code, M72.2), rotator cuff syndrome (M75.1), adhesive capsulitis (M75.0), herniated intervertebral disc (HIVD) (M50.2/M51.2), spondylosis (M47.9), bursitis (M71.9), Achilles tendinitis (M76.6), and de-Quervain tenosynovitis (M65.4). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the risk factors of musculoskeletal disorders after adjusting for potential confounders.ResultsAmong the 2,218,715 individuals, 1,882,640 (84.9%) received two doses of the COVID-19 vaccine, and 336,075 (15.1%) did not. At 12 weeks after vaccination, the incidences of plantar fasciitis (0.14-0.17%), rotator cuff syndrome (0.29-0.42%), adhesive capsulitis (0.29-0.47%), HIVD (0.18-0.23%), spondylosis (0.14-0.23%), bursitis (0.02-0.03%), Achilles tendinitis (0.0-0.05%), and de-Quervain tenosynovitis (0.04-0.05%) were higher in all three vaccinated groups (mRNA, cDNA, and mixing and matching vaccines) when compared to the unvaccinated group. All COVID-19 vaccines were identified as significant risk factors for each inflammatory musculoskeletal disorder (odds ratio, 1.404-3.730), except for mixing and matching vaccines for de-Quervain tenosynovitis.Conclusions and RelevanceThis cohort study found that individuals who received any COVID-19 vaccine were more likely to be diagnosed with inflammatory musculoskeletal disorders than those who did not. This information will be useful in clarifying the adverse reactions to COVID-19 vaccines and informing people about their potential for inflammatory musculoskeletal disorders after vaccination.

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Immunopathogenesis, early Detection, current therapies and prevention of plantar Fasciitis: A concise review

Cited by 12 publications

References 55 publications

Elasticity evaluation of the plantar fascia: A shear wave elastography study involving 33 early-stage plantar fasciopathy subjects

Elasticity evaluation of the plantar fascia: A shear wave elastography study involving 33 early-stage plantar fasciopathy subjects

Clinical efficacy of botulinum toxin type A in the treatment of fasciitis pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Correlation between COVID-19 vaccination and inflammatory musculoskeletal disorders

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