Immunopathology of granulomas produced by Mycobacterium bovis in naturally infected wild boar

García-Jiménez, Waldo L.; Salguero, Francisco J.; Fernández-Llario, Pedro; Martínez, R.; Risco, David; Gough, Julie E.; Ortiz-Pelaez, Angel; Hermoso-de-Mendoza, Javier; Gómez, L.

doi:10.1016/j.vetimm.2013.09.008

Cited by 32 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…MNGCs cells are formed by the fusion of macrophages in response to the intracellular persistence of the pathogen, therefore, because of the lower bacterial count of the majority of BCG‐vaccinated M. bovis induced granulomas, fewer macrophages will have been stimulated to differentiate into MNGCs (Quinn and Schepetkin, ). Studies carried out in other species have found that the higher number of MNGCs in granulomas of stages III and IV is consistent with a reduced ability of the animal to contain the infection (García‐Jiménez et al., , b). In these cases, the presence of fewer MNGCs in granulomas of BCG‐vaccinated animals could be considered a sign of protection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Differential Cell Composition and Cytokine Expression Within Lymph Node Granulomas from BCG-Vaccinated and Non-vaccinated Cattle Experimentally Infected with Mycobacterium bovis

Salguero

Gibson

García-Jiménez

et al. 2016

Transbound Emerg Dis

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Cattle vaccination against bovine tuberculosis (bTB) has been proposed as a supplementary method to help control the incidences of this disease. Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is currently the only viable candidate vaccine for immunization of cattle against bTB, caused by Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis). In an attempt to characterize the differences in the immune response following M. bovis infection between BCG-vaccinated and non-vaccinated animals, a combination of gross pathology, histopathology and immunohistochemical (IHC) analyses was used. BCG vaccination was found to significantly reduce the number of gross and microscopic lesions present within the lungs and lymph nodes. Additionally, the microscopically visible bacterial load of stages III and IV granulomas was reduced. IHC using cell surface markers revealed the number of CD68+ (macrophages), CD3+ (T lymphocytes) and WC1+ cells (γδ T cells) to be significantly reduced in lymph node granulomas of BCG-vaccinated animals, when compared to non-vaccinated animals. B lymphocytes (CD79a+) were significantly increased in BCG-vaccinated cattle for granulomas at stages II, III and IV. IHC staining for iNOS showed a higher expression in granulomas from BCG-vaccinated animals compared to non-vaccinated animals for all stages, being statistically significant in stages I and IV. TGFβ expression decreased alongside the granuloma development in non-vaccinated animals, whereas BCG-vaccinated animals showed a slight increase alongside lesion progression. IHC analysis of the cytokines IFN-γ and TNF-α demonstrated significantly increased expression within the lymph node granulomas of BCG-vaccinated cattle. This is suggestive of a protective role for IFN-γ and TNF-α in response to M. bovis infection. Findings shown in this study suggest that the use of BCG vaccine can reduce the number and severity of lesions, induce a different phenotypic response and increase the local expression of key cytokines related to protection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Differential Cell Composition and Cytokine Expression Within Lymph Node Granulomas from BCG-Vaccinated and Non-vaccinated Cattle Experimentally Infected with Mycobacterium bovis

Salguero

Gibson

García-Jiménez

et al. 2016

Transbound Emerg Dis

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“…In the present work, the occurrence of tuberculosis in wild boars, an exotic species in Brazil, was investigated. The frequency of animals with MTC isolation was 23.8%; this is intermediate than observed in Spain (2% to 50% depending on the site) (García‐Jiménez et al., ; Gortazar et al., ; Gortázar et al., ; Naranjo et al., ) and higher than in Portugal, where M. bovis was isolated from 11.1% (Santos, Correia‐Neves, Ghebremichael, Ka, & Svenson, ) and 15.9% (Vieira‐Pinto et al., ) of wild boars. It is important to note that 16 isolates were classified as MTC in the real‐time PCR, but that were negative for M. bovis ; from these, 10 were positive for tissue M. bovis PCR , suggesting that this observation may be related to the technique sensibility; however, the possibility that MTC other than M. bovis are present in the evaluated samples cannot be ruled out.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…However, from the 31 tissues with isolates, most of them had no typical tuberculosis lesions at histopathology analysis (83.9%; 26/31). Other studies show rates of 9.7% (García‐Jiménez et al., ) and 17% (Martín‐Hernando et al., ) of M. bovis isolation from tissues without classical tuberculosis lesions and show higher frequency of macroscopic lesions in wild boars. Several factors may be related to the lack of lesions in certain populations, for example: the virulence and loads of mycobacteria strains, disease stage and natural resistance or age of the host (Gavier‐Widén, Cooke, Gallagher, Chambers, & Gortázar, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Tuberculosis in Southern Brazilian wild boars (Sus scrofa): First epidemiological findings

Maciel

Loiko

Bueno

et al. 2017

Transbound Emerg Dis

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Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a zoonosis caused mainly by Mycobacterium bovis that affects domestic and wild animals. In Brazil, there are no epidemiological studies on tuberculosis in wild animal populations and their possible role in the disease maintenance in cattle herds; thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of tuberculosis in wild boars in Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil. Tissue samples of animals hunted under government consent were submitted to histopathology and M. bovis polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as screening tests; the positive samples were subsequently submitted to bacterial isolation, the gold standard diagnosis. Eighty animals were evaluated, of which 27.9% and 31.3% showed histopathological changes and M. bovis genome presence, respectively. Moreover, 23.8% of the animals had at least one organ with isolates classified as Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC). Three hunting points were risk factors for positive results on screening tests. This study shows the occurrence of tuberculosis in a wild boars' population, and raise the possibility of these animals to play a role as disease reservoirs in southern Brazil. These results may help to improve the Brazilian tuberculosis control programme, as well as elucidate the circulation of mycobacteria in this country.

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“…Submandibular lymph nodes, lungs, liver and spleen tissue samples were fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin and 4 μm sections were stained with haematoxylin and eosin for histopathological examination and by the Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) method to detect acid-fast bacilli (AFB) by light microscopy [ 2 , 8 ]. Each sample was classified according to the identification of specific structures, namely, epithelioid cell, multinucleated giant (MNG) cell, lymphocyte and/or neutrophil infiltration, connective tissue capsule formation, antigen-antibody deposits, necrosis and mineralization.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Granulomatous and pyogranulomatous lesions can be identified in TBL according to the cellular components [ 5 ]. Granulomas, as the main lesions associated with TB, have been widely classified within different stages of development that may help in the interpretation of disease progression [ 4 , 6 , 7 , 8 ]. More advanced stages of granulomas have been associated with primary sites of infection [ 3 , 4 ], but also with a lower bacterial load [ 3 , 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Etiological Nature of Tuberculosis-Like Lesions in Condemned Pigs at the Slaughterhouse

Cardoso‐Toset¹,

Gómez-Laguna²,

Amarilla³

et al. 2015

PLoS ONE

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Tuberculosis-like lesions (TBL) in pigs have been associated with microorganisms other than mycobacteria. In this work a histopathological and microbiological evaluation of TBL in pigs is shown. A total of 352 samples belonging to 171 pigs totally condemned at slaughterhouse due to generalized TBL were sampled and selected for analysis. Pyogranulomatous (56.2%) and granulomatous lesions (20.2%) were observed in all analysed organs. Most of the granulomas observed in both lymph nodes and lungs belonged to more advanced stages of development (stages III and IV) whereas in the liver and the spleen most of lesions belonged to intermediate stages (stages II and III). Different microorganisms were simultaneously detected from TBL in the 42.7% of the animals. Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC) (38%), coryneform bacteria (40.3%) and streptococci (28.1%) were the main groups of microorganisms detected after bacteriological analysis, with Trueperella pyogenes and Streptococcus suis as the most frequently isolated species. Mycobacteria belonging to MTC were the most frequently detected pathogens in granulomatous and pyogranulomatous lesions in submandibular lymph nodes (32.7%) and coryneform bacteria were the microorganisms more frequently isolated from lungs (25.9%) and spleen samples (37.2%). These results may provide new insights into the pathogenesis and diagnosis of this pathology. The importance of coryneform bacteria and streptococci in such processes must be evaluated in future studies.

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Immunopathology of granulomas produced by Mycobacterium bovis in naturally infected wild boar

Cited by 32 publications

References 42 publications

Differential Cell Composition and Cytokine Expression Within Lymph Node Granulomas from BCG-Vaccinated and Non-vaccinated Cattle Experimentally Infected with Mycobacterium bovis

Differential Cell Composition and Cytokine Expression Within Lymph Node Granulomas from BCG-Vaccinated and Non-vaccinated Cattle Experimentally Infected with Mycobacterium bovis

Tuberculosis in Southern Brazilian wild boars (Sus scrofa): First epidemiological findings

Multi-Etiological Nature of Tuberculosis-Like Lesions in Condemned Pigs at the Slaughterhouse

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