2021
DOI: 10.3390/vetsci8120307
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Immunophenotyping of an Unusual Mixed-Type Extraskeletal Osteosarcoma in a Dog

Abstract: A 6-year-old female Maltese dog presented with a cervical mass without pain. The tumor was surrounded by a thick fibrous tissue and consisted of an osteoid matrix with osteoblasts and two distinct areas: a mesenchymal cell-rich lesion with numerous multinucleated giant cells and a chondroid matrix-rich lesion. The tumor cells exhibited heterogeneous protein expression, including a positive expression of vimentin, cytokeratin, RANKL, CRLR, SOX9, and collagen 2, and was diagnosed as extraskeletal osteosarcoma. D… Show more

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Cited by 2 publications
(2 citation statements)
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“…These data are in agreement with those already reported in the literature by Jiang et al ( 7 ), who described a higher KPNA2 positivity in human osteosarcoma cases compared to other bone tumors such as chondrosarcoma, which is often considered in among the differential diagnoses ( 8 ). In particular, our preliminary investigation shows that also in extraskeletal osteosarcomas the expression of RUNX2 and karyopherin alpha-2 can represent specific diagnostic support for the definitive diagnosis of osteosarcoma, which is frequently made difficult by a set of factors including the frequent degree of undifferentiation, the heterogeneity of cellular atypia, and the difficulty in finding morphological elements characterizing this variable type of tumor, even in sites of primary onset, such as the extra-skeletal sites ( 5 ). The same reasoning must be carried out with the results obtained for RUNX2, a transcription factor of the RUNX family also responsible for various cellular processes, including cellular proliferation and differentiation, modulation of osteoblasts and chondrocyte differentiation with fundamental phases in skeletal development.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 92%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…These data are in agreement with those already reported in the literature by Jiang et al ( 7 ), who described a higher KPNA2 positivity in human osteosarcoma cases compared to other bone tumors such as chondrosarcoma, which is often considered in among the differential diagnoses ( 8 ). In particular, our preliminary investigation shows that also in extraskeletal osteosarcomas the expression of RUNX2 and karyopherin alpha-2 can represent specific diagnostic support for the definitive diagnosis of osteosarcoma, which is frequently made difficult by a set of factors including the frequent degree of undifferentiation, the heterogeneity of cellular atypia, and the difficulty in finding morphological elements characterizing this variable type of tumor, even in sites of primary onset, such as the extra-skeletal sites ( 5 ). The same reasoning must be carried out with the results obtained for RUNX2, a transcription factor of the RUNX family also responsible for various cellular processes, including cellular proliferation and differentiation, modulation of osteoblasts and chondrocyte differentiation with fundamental phases in skeletal development.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 92%
“…EOSs have been diagnosed according to WHO guidelines and based on the primary location of the tumors and the certainty that the tumor is primitive from soft tissue and not from skeletal tissue. In dogs EOSs represent a highly malignant tumor with only <1 month median survival time after the first diagnosis ( 1 , 5 ). A definitive histological diagnosis of osteosarcoma may not be straightforward, due to the high variability in cellular density of these tumors.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%