Immunoreactive endothelin concentrations in maternal and fetal blood

Nakamura, Tsutomu; Kasai, Kikuo; Konuma, Seiichi; Emoto, Tatsushi; Banba, Nobuyuki; Ishikawa, Makoto; Shimoda, Shin-Ichi

doi:10.1016/0024-3205(90)90412-k

Cited by 59 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Our data are consistent with those previously reported (14,15). However, fetal plasma irET-1 concentrations in the present study were somewhat lower (l4), but much greater (15), than those reported by others.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

“…It has been shown that human umbilical vessels constrict in response to exogenous ET-1 in a dose-dependent manner with a threshold concentration of 100 pM in vitro, which suggests the possible contribution of ET-1 to the closure of human umbilical vessels at delivery (14). Plasma irET-1 concentrations in the fetal circulation as measured by RIA in the present study and others (14,15) were estimated to be about 10 times less than those used to induce such pharmacologic effects. However, the local concentration of ET-1 should be much higher at the interface of the vascular endothelium and smooth muscle than that in the bloodstream.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 42%

“…Raised plasma concentrations of ET-1 have been observed in certain pathophysiologic conditions, such as uremia (8), acute renal failure (9), acute myocardial infarction (lo), cardiogenic shock (1 I), major surgery (12), and subarachnoid hemorrhage (13). Furthermore, high levels of circulating ET-1 in fetal blood have recently been reported and the possible physiologic role(s) of ET-1 at delivery has been investigated (14,15). However, it remains unknown whether ET-1 levels in the umbilical cord plasma may change under physiologic and pathophysiologic states during delivery.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Plasma Immunoreactive Endothelin-1 Concentration in Human Fetal Blood: Its Relation to Asphyxia

et al. 1991

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ABSTRACT. To elucidate the effects of birth stress on immunoreactive endothelin-1 (irET-1) concentrations in fetal blood, we determined irET-1 levels in cord plasma in different modes of delivery associated with or without complications such as asphyxia. The irET-1 concentrations in both the umbilical artery and vein were significantly higher than those found in maternal venous blood at delivery, although there was no significant difference between preterm and full-term infants. When plasma irET-1 concentrations of healthy infants born by vaginal delivery and by cesarean section without labor were compared, the former had significantly ( p < 0.05) higher levels than the latter (15.4 f 4.9 pg/mL versus 11.1 f 3.1 pg/mL). Furthermore, umbilical venous plasma obtained from vaginally delivered infants complicated by asphyxia showed significantly ( p < 0.001) higher irET-1 levels (28.2 f 9.4 pg/ mL) than those of nonasphyxiated infants (14.2 f 4.5 pg/ mL). These data suggest that birth stress, especially asphyxia, may contribute to the increase in fetal circulating irET-1 levels. (Pediatr Res 30: 244-247, 1991) Abbreviations CPK, creatine phosphokinase ET-1, endothelin-1 GOT, aspartate aminotransferase irET-1, immunoreactive ET-1 LDH, lactic acid dehydrogenase TFA, trifluoroacetic acid Endothelin-1 is a potent vasoconstrictor peptide with 2 1 amino acid residues, originally isolated and sequenced from the supernatant of cultured porcine aortic endothelial cells, and the first member of the mammalian endothelin family (1-4). Since ET-1 produces very potent vasoconstriction and an extremely longlasting pressor response, ET-1 may play an important role in the control of blood pressure and/or local blood flow (1, 3, 4). Recently, low concentrations of ET-1 have been detected in plasma from healthy subjects (5-7). Raised plasma concentrations of ET-1 have been observed in certain pathophysiologic conditions, such as uremia (8), acute renal failure (9), acute

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 42%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plasma Immunoreactive Endothelin-1 Concentration in Human Fetal Blood: Its Relation to Asphyxia

et al. 1991

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“…The mRNA ofpreproendothelin-1, the precursor of ET-1, has been localized to small bronchioles and blood vessels in the perinatal lung ( 10), and immunoreactive ET-1 levels are elevated in normal human umbilical cord blood samples at birth ( 11). Pharmacologic studies have demonstrated that endothelin has both vasodilator and vasoconstrictor activities (12,13).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiologic characterization of endothelin A and B receptor activity in the ovine fetal pulmonary circulation.

Ivy¹,

Kinsella²,

Abman³

1994

J. Clin. Invest.

125

110

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To determine the potential contribution of endothelin (ET) to modulation of high pulmonary vascular resistance in the normal fetus, we studied the effects of BQ 123, a selective ET-A receptor antagonist, and sarafoxotoxin S6c (SFX), a selective ET-B receptor agonist, in 31 chronically prepared late gestation fetal lambs. Brief intrapulmonary infusions of BQ 123 (0.1-1.0 mcg/min for 10 min) caused sustained increases in left pulmonary artery flow (Qp) without changing main pulmonary artery (MPA) and aortic (Ao) pressures. In contrast, BQ 123 did not change vascular resistance in a regional systemic circulation (the fetal hindlimb). To determine whether big-endothelin-1 (big-ET-1 )-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction is mediated by ET-A receptor stimulation, we studied the effects of big-ET-1 with or without pretreatment with BQ 123. BQ 123 (0.5 mcg/min for 10 min) blocked the rise in total pulmonary resistance caused by big-ET-1. CGS 27830 (100 mcg/min for 10 min), an ET-A and -B receptor antagonist, did not change basal tone but blocked big-ET-1-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction. Brief and prolonged intrapulmonary infusion of SFX (0.1 mcg/min for 10 min) increased Qp twofold without changing MPA or Ao pressures. Nitro-L-arginine (L-NA), a selective endothelium-derived nitric oxide (EDNO) antagonist, blocked vasodilation caused by BQ 123 and SFX. We conclude that: (a) BQ 123 causes sustained fetal pulmonary vasodilation, but did not change vascular resistance in the fetal hindlimb; (b) Big-ET-1-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction may be mediated through ET-A receptor stimulation; and (c) ET-B receptor stimulation causes pulmonary vasodilation through EDNO release. These findings support the hypothesis that endothelin may play a role in modulation of high basal pulmonary vascular resistance in the normal fetus. (J. Clin. Invest. 1994. 2141-2148

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“…There are few studies measuring ET-1 by radioimmunoassay with a very small number of human preterm newborns suggesting that ET-1 is elevated in RDS (17,33,34). Our study is important because it was controlled, had a significant sample size calculated statistically, and ET-1 was measured by enzyme immunoassay, differently from the other three reported studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Umbilical cord blood and neonatal endothelin-1 levels in preterm newborns with and without respiratory distress syndrome

Benjamin¹,

Silveira²,

Procianoy³

2005

Braz J Med Biol Res

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Increased pulmonary vascular resistance in preterm newborn infants with respiratory distress syndrome is suggested, and endothelin-1 plays an important role in pulmonary vascular reactivity in newborns. We determined umbilical cord blood and neonatal (second sample) levels of endothelin-1 in 18 preterm newborns with respiratory distress syndrome who had no clinical or echocardiographic diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension and 22 without respiratory distress syndrome (gestational ages: 31.4 ± 1.6 and 29.3 ± 2.3 weeks, respectively). Umbilical cord blood and a second blood sample taken 18 to 40 h after birth were used for endothelin-1 determination by enzyme immunoassay. Median umbilical cord blood endothelin-1 levels were similar in both groups (control: 10.9 and respiratory distress syndrome: 11.4 pg/ mL) and were significantly higher than in the second sample (control: 1.7 pg/mL and respiratory distress syndrome: 3.5 pg/mL, P < 0.001 for both groups). Median endothelin-1 levels in the second sample were significantly higher in children with respiratory distress syndrome than in control infants (P < 0.001). There were significant positive correlations between second sample endothelin-1 and Score for Neonatal Acute Physiology and Perinatal Extension II (r = 0.36, P = 0.02), and duration of mechanical ventilation (r = 0.64, P = 0.02). A slower decline of endothelin-1 from birth to 40 h of life was observed in newborns with respiratory distress syndrome when compared to controls. A significant correlation between neonatal endothelin-1 levels and some illness-severity signs suggests that endothelin-1 plays a role in the natural course of respiratory distress syndrome in preterm newborns.

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Immunoreactive endothelin concentrations in maternal and fetal blood

Cited by 59 publications

References 13 publications

Plasma Immunoreactive Endothelin-1 Concentration in Human Fetal Blood: Its Relation to Asphyxia

Plasma Immunoreactive Endothelin-1 Concentration in Human Fetal Blood: Its Relation to Asphyxia

Physiologic characterization of endothelin A and B receptor activity in the ovine fetal pulmonary circulation.

Umbilical cord blood and neonatal endothelin-1 levels in preterm newborns with and without respiratory distress syndrome

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