Immunosenescence: participation of T lymphocytes and myeloid-derived suppressor cells in aging-related immune response changes

Alves, Amanda Soares; Bueno, Valquíria

doi:10.31744/einstein_journal/2019rb4733

Cited by 39 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In addition, during aging an increase of regulatory T cells, a loss of T helper CD4 + and cytotoxic CD8 + T cells and an alteration of their functional capacities is observed, probably due to lower production of lymphoid cells by the bone marrow and to thymic involution, which reduces the release of naïve T cells. This is accompanied by a number of events including a reduced proliferative ability upon stimuli, as well as telomeres erosion, accumulation of memory T cells from chronic infections and replicative senescence upon persistent antigen exposure [14][15][16]. In the same context MDSCs accumulate and exacerbate the process by impairing T cell proliferation and function, and producing large amounts of pro-inflammatory cytokines [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human MDSCs derived from the bone marrow maintain their functional ability but have a reduced frequency of induction in the elderly compared to pediatric donors

et al. 2020

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Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous population of immunosuppressive cells developing from myeloid progenitors, which are enriched in pathological conditions such as cancer, and are known to inhibit the functions of effector T cells. During aging, several changes occur both at the adaptive and innate immune system level, in a process defined as immunoscenescence. In particular, the low-grade inflammation state observed in the elderly appears to affect hematopoiesis. We previously demonstrated that the combination of GM-CSF and G-CSF drives the in vitro generation of bone marrow-derived MDSCs (BM-MDSCs) from precursors present in human bone marrow aspirates of healthy donors, and that these cells are endowed with a strong immune suppressive ability, resembling that of cancer-associated MDSCs. In the present work we investigated BM-MDSCs induction and functional ability in a cohort of pediatric versus elderly donors. To this aim, we analyzed the differences in maturation stages and ability to suppress T cell proliferation. We found that the ex vivo distribution of myeloid progenitors is similar between pediatric and elderly individuals, whereas after cytokine treatment a significant reduction in the more immature compartment is observed in the elderly. Despite the decreased frequency, BM-MDSCs maintain their suppressive capacity in aged donors. Taken together, these results indicate that in vitro induction of MDSCs from the BM is reduced with aging and opens new hypotheses on the role of age-related processes in myelopoiesis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human MDSCs derived from the bone marrow maintain their functional ability but have a reduced frequency of induction in the elderly compared to pediatric donors

et al. 2020

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“…Age-related dysfunctions also reverberate in the T-cell function, making it di cult to recognize new antigens and making the elderly more susceptible to infections. Additionally, an increase in the expression of pro-in ammatory cytokines is also observed in this group [22]. Both contribute negatively to the control of the replication of the coronavirus, besides prolonging the in ammatory response that demonstrates to be one of the main causes of the severity of COVID-19, that is, the cytokine storm is part of the pathological process of infection [9,11].…”

Section: Cardiac Markers and Prognosismentioning

confidence: 70%

Findings on the relationship between cardiovascular disease and coronavirus disease 2019: a systematic review

Silva

Júnior

Araújo

2020

Preprint

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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) presents as the main cause of death, respiratory and heart failures, especially in the elderly, immunosuppressed, and those with cardiovascular comorbidities. Therefore, a better understanding of these findings is needed. A systematic review was carried out looking for articles published between December 2019 and May 2020 on the MEDLINE / PubMed search platform using the following descriptors: ((((((((("cardiovascular disease") OR ("acute myocardial infarction")) OR ("coronary artery disease")) OR ("acute coronary syndrome")) OR ("atherosclerosis")) OR ("cardiac insufficiency")) OR ("pericarditis")) OR ("myocarditis")) AND ("COVID-19")) OR ("SARS-CoV-2")and considering inclusion and exclusion criteria.40% of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 had hypertension or other cardiovascular comorbidities, while 27% presented cardiovascular complications, mainly acute cardiac injury, arrhythmia and heart failure. The hypotheses of involvement of an intense inflammatory response, decreased immunity and greater expression of ACE2 in the heart, associated with more severe heart conditions, were discussed in this study. The increase in cardiac and inflammatory markers was associated with worse clinical outcomes and risk of death, confirming the need to evaluate them since admission to the hospital. The 10 articles analyzed presented as a limitation the small number of patients inserted, to the detriment of the pandemic state. We warned about the need for better clinical management of patients with cardiovascular comorbidities, and the importance of including this group among the first to be immunized, aiming at reducing the number of fatal cases due to infection. Studies with greater coverage are needed for a better comprehension of the topics discussed here.

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“…These main cell types executing the adaptive immune response have many different subpopulations [122]. This part of the immune system has been extensively studied in human aging [123][124][125][126]. There is a very broad consensus considering the adaptive immune system as the "devil" which is responsible for all the misfortunes of the immune system with age [25,28].…”

Section: Aging-associated Changes In the Immune Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunosenescence is both functional/adaptive and dysfunctional/maladaptive

et al. 2020

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Alterations in the immune system with aging are considered to underlie many age-related diseases. However, many elderly individuals remain healthy until even a very advanced age. There is also an increase in numbers of centenarians and their apparent fitness. We should therefore change our unilaterally detrimental consideration of age-related immune changes. Recent data taking into consideration the immunobiography concept may allow for meaningful distinctions among various aging trajectories. This implies that the aging immune system has a homeodynamic characteristic balanced between adaptive and maladaptive aspects. The survival and health of an individual depends from the equilibrium of this balance. In this article, we highlight which parts of the aging of the immune system may be considered adaptive in contrast to those that may be maladaptive.

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Immunosenescence: participation of T lymphocytes and myeloid-derived suppressor cells in aging-related immune response changes

Cited by 39 publications

References 25 publications

Human MDSCs derived from the bone marrow maintain their functional ability but have a reduced frequency of induction in the elderly compared to pediatric donors

Human MDSCs derived from the bone marrow maintain their functional ability but have a reduced frequency of induction in the elderly compared to pediatric donors

Findings on the relationship between cardiovascular disease and coronavirus disease 2019: a systematic review

Immunosenescence is both functional/adaptive and dysfunctional/maladaptive

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