Immunosuppressants: whatʼs new?

Abstract

We review current trends of immunosuppressive protocols in paediatric liver transplantation, focusing on induction agents, corticosteroid avoidance and calcineurin inhibitor sparing protocols, protocols for adult transition and new drugs currently under development.

Copy number variation in CCL3L1 gene is associated with susceptibility to acute rejection in patients after liver transplantation

“…As the progress in surgical technique and immunosuppressive therapy, the direct association between AR and patient mortality rate is weak; however, this episode would be a trigger for long‐term graft dysfunction and other adverse effect of high‐dose anti‐rejection treatment such as infections, recurrence of viral hepatitis, and drug‐induced neurotoxicity. Clarification of the mechanism of AR and modulation of the immune response of the host is necessary besides the current immunosuppressive therapeutic strategy (18, 19). CCL3L1 is a Th1 chemokine that promotes T‐cell activation and proliferation.…”

“…When the median population copy number 4 was chosen as the cut off, the sensitivity was 0.50 (95% CI, 0.324-0.676) and specificity was 0.66 (95% CI, 0.595-0.72). mechanism of AR and modulation of the immune response of the host is necessary besides the current immunosuppressive therapeutic strategy (18,19). CCL3L1 is a Th1 chemokine that promotes T-cell activation and proliferation.…”

Tacrolimus without or with the addition of conventional immunosuppressive treatment in juvenile autoimmune hepatitis

“…Incautious long‐term use of Tac may cause numerous and serious side effects, such as renal, neurological and cardiovascular damage (31). However, our results in this 1‐year pilot study show that Tac is a realistic alternative to conventional therapy in order to induce a marked improvement of the inflammatory state but is usually not sufficient as inducer of total biochemical remission in monotherapy.…”

Cancer risk in heart or lung transplant recipients: A comprehensive analysis of 21 prospective cohorts

“…[4][5][6][7][8] Though exerting great efficacy in the extension of survival in solid organ transplantations, immunosuppression is considered to be an important inducement of tumors after organ transplantation. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Tumor mutation burden (TMB) is defined as the total number of somatic gene coding errors, base substitution, gene insertion or deletion errors detected in every million bases. 16 The diversity of TMB and cancer types reflect the different immunogenicity, which is intimately related to the ability of the immune system to recognize tumors.…”