Immunotherapy in Gastrointestinal Cancer: Where Do We Stand?

Tannapfel, Andrea; Reinacher‐Schick, Anke

doi:10.1159/000497294

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…To date, a number of cytokines, including IFN-γ or IL-2, have been used to limit the activity of certain types of cancer, such as renal cell carcinoma and melanoma, and a moderate level of inhibitory activity has been reported ( 26 ). However, the development of cancer vaccines has been less successful, with none generating statistically significant responses in test patients ( 23 ).…”

Section: Immunotherapy In Gi Cancersmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of immunogenic cell death in gastrointestinal cancer immunotherapy (Review)

et al. 2021

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Modern cancer immunotherapy techniques are aimed at enhancing the responses of the patients' immune systems to fight against the cancer. The main promising strategies include active vaccination of tumor antigens, passive vaccination with antibodies specific to cancer antigens, adoptive transfer of cancer-specific T cells and manipulation of the patient's immune response by inhibiting immune checkpoints. The application of immunogenic cell death (ICD) inducers has been proven to enhance the immunity of patients undergoing various types of immunotherapy. The dying, stressed or injured cells release or present molecules on the cell surface, which function as either adjuvants or danger signals for detection by the innate immune system. These molecules are now termed ‘damage-associated molecular patterns’. The term ‘ICD’ indicates a type of cell death that triggers an immune response against dead-cell antigens, particularly those derived from cancer cells, and it was initially proposed with regards to the effects of anticancer chemotherapy with conventional cytotoxic drugs. The aim of the present study was to review and discuss the role and mechanisms of ICD as a promising combined immunotherapy for gastrointestinal tumors.

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Section: Immunotherapy In Gi Cancersmentioning

confidence: 99%