Immunotherapy in lung cancer

Al-Moundhri, Mansour; O'Brien, M.; Souberbielle, Bernard

doi:10.1038/bjc.1998.486

Cited by 22 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Therapeutic vaccination using nonspecific immunostimulants, e.g. intradermal BCG, has been tested in randomized clinical trials in lung cancer, but a clear benefit has never been shown for its use (Al-Moundhri et al, 1998).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A randomized phase II study of SRL172 (Mycobacterium vaccae) combined with chemotherapy in patients with advanced inoperable non-small-cell lung cancer and mesothelioma

et al. 2000

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SummaryMycobacterial preparations have been used with limited success against cancer apart from superficial bladder cancer. Recently, a therapeutic vaccine derived from Mycobacterium vaccae has been given to patients with prostate cancer and melanoma indicating a possible beneficial effect on disease activity in such patients. We have recently initiated a series of randomized studies to test the feasibility and toxicity of combining a preparation of heat-killed Mycobacterium vaccae (designated SRL172) with a multidrug chemotherapy regimen to treat patients with inoperable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and mesothelioma. 28 evaluable patients with previously untreated symptomatic NSCLC and mesothelioma were randomized to receive either 3 weekly intravenous combination chemotherapy alone, or chemotherapy given with monthly intra-dermal injections of SRL172. Safety and tolerability were scored by common toxicity criteria and efficacy was evaluated by survival of patients and by tumour response assessed by CT scanning. The toxicity of chemotherapy was similar in the two groups. SRL172 caused mild inflammation at the injection site. In the group of patients randomized to receive chemotherapy combined with SRL172, there was a trend towards improved response rate (54% vs. 33%) with more patients in the combined arm receiving radical surgery and radiotherapy, improved median survival (9.7 months vs. 7.5 months) and improved 1 year survival (42% vs. 18%). SRL172 appeared to improve sleep (P = 0.08) and improved appetite (P = 0.01). There was no detectable change in serum cytokine levels for gamma-interferon and TNF-α before and after treatment. In patients with NSCLC and mesothelioma, there may be a beneficial interaction when chemotherapy is administered in combination with SRL172. Confirmation of this effect and further investigation is underway in a randomized phase III trial and in laboratory models.

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confidence: 99%

A randomized phase II study of SRL172 (Mycobacterium vaccae) combined with chemotherapy in patients with advanced inoperable non-small-cell lung cancer and mesothelioma

et al. 2000

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“…Early studies on Calmette-Guerin adjuvant Calmette-Guerin adjuvant and neoadjuvant bacillus vaccine therapy were negative [21,22].…”

Section: Vaccines Against Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunotherapy in Advanced Lung Cancer Treatment

Grigorescu¹

2018

Lung Cancer - Strategies for Diagnosis and Treatment

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Despite the improvement in overall survival (OS) by platinum-based chemotherapy (NSCLC Meta-Analyses Collaborative Group, 2008), prognosis remains unsatisfactory for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We discuss in this chapter the new era of advanced lung cancer systemic therapy represented by immunotherapy. First of all I presented one of the modalities of immunological diagnostics based on new technology. The mechanism of action of the immunoagents is shortly described. In the in most part of the chapter, the main immunotherapeutic agents used in lung cancer immunotherapy are analyzed: vaccines, cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) inhibitors, and checkpoint inhibitors. In the end of the chapter, the combination between immunotherapeutic agents is discussed.

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“…This may be because early immunotherapy approaches, including firstgeneration vaccines, IL-2 and interferon, were not target specific and were highly toxic. [29][30][31][32] As reviewed by Al-Moundhri et al, 29 lung cancer trials testing vaccination with Corynebacterium parvum or treatment with levamisole, an immunostimulant, showed limited or no benefit with these interventions. In addition, across numerous trials, no clear benefit was demonstrated with either IL-2 treatment alone, IL-2 plus lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells, or IL-2 plus melatonin.…”

Section: The Immune System As a Target For Cancer Therapy: Historicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, interferon alone or in combination with IL-2 or chemotherapy did not demonstrate significant activity in patients with lung cancer. 29 The reported toxicities with IL-2 and LAK cells included capillary leak syndrome, hepatic and renal dysfunction, and life-threatening cardiac and pulmonary toxicities. 31 Interferon-associated toxicities include hematologic disturbances, neurological symptoms including depression, hepatic dysfunction, and rare but severe cardiotoxicities.…”

Section: The Immune System As a Target For Cancer Therapy: Historicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Immunotherapies in the Treatment of Non–small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)

Langer

2015

American Journal of Clinical Oncology

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Immune checkpoint inhibition as a new treatment approach is undergoing extensive investigation in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and other malignancies. Unlike standard chemotherapy or targeted agents, which act directly on the tumor cells, immune checkpoint inhibitors work by restoring the immune system's capacity to eradicate tumors. Agents currently in active clinical development for lung cancer include ipilimumab, which modulates the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 pathway, and multiple agents targeting the programmed death protein 1 (PD-1) pathway, both anti-PD-1 compounds (nivolumab, pembrolizumab [MK-3475]) and those that target programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), a key ligand for PD-1 (BMS-936559, MPDL3280A). Preliminary evidence shows activity for these agents in NSCLC as monotherapy or in combination with chemotherapy. This article reviews the immune checkpoint inhibitors and the available data to date on their use in lung cancer. Clinical implications for the use of these therapies in NSCLC are discussed as they relate to their novel mechanisms of action, response patterns, and safety profiles.

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Immunotherapy in lung cancer

Cited by 22 publications

References 60 publications

A randomized phase II study of SRL172 (Mycobacterium vaccae) combined with chemotherapy in patients with advanced inoperable non-small-cell lung cancer and mesothelioma

A randomized phase II study of SRL172 (Mycobacterium vaccae) combined with chemotherapy in patients with advanced inoperable non-small-cell lung cancer and mesothelioma

Immunotherapy in Advanced Lung Cancer Treatment

Emerging Immunotherapies in the Treatment of Non–small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)

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