Immunotherapy of Esophageal Cancer: Current Status, Many Trials and Innovative Strategies

Alsina, María; Moehler, Markus; Lorenzen, Sylvie

doi:10.1159/000488120

Cited by 33 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(48 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, the effective rates of singleagent were 31% in melanoma and only 17% in lung cancer, respectively (13). And the response rate of ICI alone in EC patients varied from 9.9 to 33.3% in the reported studies (14). The combination of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors with other therapies, such as chemoradiotherapy (CRT), other ICIs, cancer vaccines, and target drugs, was supposed to make the tumor more immunogenic, produce a synergistic effect, and gather stronger clinical benefit.…”

Section: The Ongoing Clinical Trials In Ecmentioning

confidence: 97%

The Combination Options and Predictive Biomarkers of PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors in Esophageal Cancer

Yang

Wang

et al. 2020

Front. Oncol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Esophageal cancer (EC) is one of the most common cancers with poor survival in the world. Nowadays, a generous number of clinical trials are underway on the use of immunotherapy in EC patients, especially the programmed death-1/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) inhibitors. However, only a few patients could benefit from single-agent therapy. Others need combination therapies to enhance the response rate and survival. In this review, we focus on PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors and its combination options in EC patients. We also summarized the potential predictive biomarkers for PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors treatment.

show abstract

Section: The Ongoing Clinical Trials In Ecmentioning

confidence: 97%

The Combination Options and Predictive Biomarkers of PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors in Esophageal Cancer

Yang

Wang

et al. 2020

Front. Oncol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The rationale to utilise immunotherapy for oesophageal cancer treatment stems from a recognised link with precursor chronic inflammatory lesions and a high mutational burden, suggesting an activated immune response which could be exploited for therapeutic benefit (20). However, as will be discussed in this review, the impact of immunotherapy on patient outcomes in oesophageal cancer to date has been limited (21).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Cancer-Immune Set Point in Oesophageal Cancer

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Immunotherapy has achieved long-term disease control in a proportion of cancer patients, but determinants of clinical benefit remain unclear. A greater understanding of antitumor immunity on an individual basis is needed to facilitate a precision oncology approach. A conceptual framework called the "cancer-immune set point" has been proposed to describe the equilibrium between factors that promote or suppress anticancer immunity and can serve as a basis to understand the variability in clinical response to immune checkpoint blockade. Oesophageal cancer has a high mutational burden, develops from pre-existing chronic inflammatory lesions and is therefore anticipated to be sensitive to immune checkpoint inhibition. However, both tumour-and patient-specific factors including the immune microenvironment, the microbiome, obesity, and host genetics contribute to an immune set point that confers a lower-than-expected response to checkpoint blockade. Immunotherapy is therefore currently confined to latter lines of treatment of advanced disease, with no reliable predictive biomarker of response. In this review, we examine oesophageal cancer in the context of the cancer-immune set point, discuss factors that contribute to response to immunotherapeutic intervention, and propose areas requiring further investigation to improve treatment response.

show abstract

“…Overexpression of IDO in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), cervical, colon, pancreatic, and liver cancers was associated with poor prognosis and a higher frequency of lymph node metastasis. As previously described for esophageal adenocarcinoma [5], the IDO gene is upregulated in pre-and post-treatment biopsies. IDO in primary tumors leads to a lack of tryptophan and subsequent decrease in T lymphocytes [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Outlook: Immunotherapy in Gastrointestinal Carcinoma - Innovative Strategies

2018

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Immune checkpoint inhibitors are emerging as a therapeutic approach for patients with advanced or metastatic gastrointestinal malignancies following the recent Food and Drug Administration and Asian approvals for colorectal, gastric, and hepatocellular carcinoma. As discussed in earlier articles, phase I-II trials demonstrate quite positive clinical activity, particularly in patients with immunogenic cancer subtypes. This outreach paper discusses some of the next innovative immunotherapy strategies under development. Here, tumor-associated macrophages, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and regulatory T cells are increasingly coming into focus as new targets. Besides the well described use of checkpoint inhibitors, blockade of ‘Wnt' or Csf1R signaling pathways as well as combinatorial treatment strategies offer promising examples for overcoming immune silencing within the resistant tumor microenvironment.

show abstract

Immunotherapy of Esophageal Cancer: Current Status, Many Trials and Innovative Strategies

Cited by 33 publications

References 48 publications

The Combination Options and Predictive Biomarkers of PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors in Esophageal Cancer

The Combination Options and Predictive Biomarkers of PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors in Esophageal Cancer

The Cancer-Immune Set Point in Oesophageal Cancer

Outlook: Immunotherapy in Gastrointestinal Carcinoma - Innovative Strategies

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About