2012
DOI: 10.1155/2012/397267
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Immunotherapy of Genitourinary Malignancies

Abstract: Most cancer patients are treated with some combination of surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. Despite recent advances in local therapy with curative intent, chemotherapeutic treatments for metastatic disease often remain unsatisfying due to severe side effects and incomplete long-term remission. Therefore, the evaluation of novel therapeutic options is of great interest. Conventional, along with newer treatment strategies target the immune system that suppresses genitourinary (GU) malignancies. Metastatic re… Show more

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Cited by 9 publications
(2 citation statements)
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“…Low dose cyclophosphamide (shown to decrease the number and function of T reg (25, 26)) was also used alongside GM-CSF to further enhance immune response potential. In addition, RCC is known to be an immune-responsive tumor type (27), whereas immunotherapy for GBM is still in its infancy. Indeed, cancer vaccine immunotherapy strategies for GBM patients require considerable refinement due to the challenges posed by immune resistance and suppression in this tumor type (28).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Low dose cyclophosphamide (shown to decrease the number and function of T reg (25, 26)) was also used alongside GM-CSF to further enhance immune response potential. In addition, RCC is known to be an immune-responsive tumor type (27), whereas immunotherapy for GBM is still in its infancy. Indeed, cancer vaccine immunotherapy strategies for GBM patients require considerable refinement due to the challenges posed by immune resistance and suppression in this tumor type (28).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In addition, these urologic cancers are also known to have the drug-resistant nature against chemotherapeutic drugs [11]. These facts then sturdily encourage and demand exploration of alternative modalities that may improve the outcomes with few side effects [12].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%