Immunotherapy of Tuberculosis with IgA and Cytokines

Reljić, Rajko; Iványi, Juraj

doi:10.5772/30495

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 77 publications

(76 reference statements)

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“…tuberculosis [ 34 – 37 ]. There is also evidence for the potential of antibody-based treatments in improving TB treatments [ 38 , 39 ], with a faster reduction of the pulmonary bacillary burden when IVIG was administered in combination with standard TB treatment [ 40 ]. While the exact mechanism(s) of action are not entirely known, it is possible that both the neutralization of pathogens as well as the immune-modulatory activities may be contributing to this effect [ 40 – 42 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adjunct antibody administration with standard treatment reduces relapse rates in a murine tuberculosis model of necrotic granulomas

et al. 2018

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Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 is a zinc-dependent protease associated with early immune responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, macrophage recruitment and granuloma formation. We evaluated whether adjunctive inhibition of MMP-9 could improve the response to standard TB treatment in a mouse model that develops necrotic lesions. Six weeks after an aerosol infection with M. tuberculosis, C3HeB/FeJ mice received standard TB treatment (12 weeks) comprising rifampin, isoniazid and pyrazinamide alone or in combination with either anti-MMP-9 antibody, etanercept (positive control) or isotype antibody (negative control) for 6 weeks. Anti-MMP-9 and the isotype control had comparable high serum exposures and expected terminal half-life. The relapse rate in mice receiving standard TB treatment was 46.6%. Compared to the standard TB treatment, relapse rates in animals that received adjunctive treatments with anti-MMP-9 antibody or etanercept were significantly decreased to 25.9% (P = 0.006) and 29.8% (P = 0.019) respectively, but were not different from the arm that received the isotype control antibody (25.9%). Immunostaining demonstrated localization of MMP-9 primarily in macrophages in both murine and human lung tissues infected with M. tuberculosis, suggesting the importance of MMP-9 in TB pathogenesis. These data suggest that the relapse rates in M. tuberculosis-infected mice may be non-specifically improved by administration of antibodies in conjunction with standard TB treatments. Future studies are needed to evaluate the mechanism(s) leading to improved outcomes with adjunctive antibody treatments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adjunct antibody administration with standard treatment reduces relapse rates in a murine tuberculosis model of necrotic granulomas

et al. 2018

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“…Its mode of action has been proposed to be an enhancement of Th1 and down-regulation of Th2 cytokine expression (Reljic & Ivanyi, 2012). Table 13 shows the vaccines used in tuberculosis immunotherapy.…”

Section: Immunomodulation Using Immune Therapeutic Vaccines For Tubermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The dose and route of administration of cytokines must be carefully chosen in order to avoid the risk of toxicity/unwanted pharmacological responses or effects. Several cytokines have been considered for treatment of mycobacterial infections, including IFN-gamma, IL-2, IL-12, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) (Reljic & Ivanyi, 2012).…”

Section: Immunomodulation Using Cytokines In Tb-immunotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in nanotechnology-based carrier systems for targeted delivery of bioactive drug molecules with special emphasis on immunotherapy in drug resistant tuberculosis – a critical review

et al. 2015

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From the early sixteenth and seventeenth centuries to the present day of life, tuberculosis (TB) still is a global health threat with some new emergence of resistance. This type of emergence poses a vital challenge to control TB cases across the world. Mortality and morbidity rates are high due to this new face of TB. The newer nanotechnology-based drug-delivery approaches involving micro-metric and nano-metric carriers are much needed at this stage. These delivery systems would provide more advantages over conventional systems of treatment by producing enhanced therapeutic efficacy, uniform distribution of drug molecule to the target site, sustained and controlled release of drug molecules and lesser side effects. The main aim to develop these novel drug-delivery systems is to improve the patient compliance and reduce therapy time. This article reviews and elaborates the new concepts and drug-delivery approaches for the treatment of TB involving solid-lipid particulate drug-delivery systems (solid-lipid micro- and nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid carriers), vesicular drug-delivery systems (liposomes, niosomes and liposphere), emulsion-based drug-delivery systems (micro and nanoemulsion) and some other novel drug-delivery systems for the effective treatment of tuberculosis and role of immunomodulators as an adjuvant therapy for management of MDR-TB and XDR-TB.

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Immunotherapy of Tuberculosis with IgA and Cytokines

Cited by 2 publications

References 77 publications

Adjunct antibody administration with standard treatment reduces relapse rates in a murine tuberculosis model of necrotic granulomas

Adjunct antibody administration with standard treatment reduces relapse rates in a murine tuberculosis model of necrotic granulomas

Advances in nanotechnology-based carrier systems for targeted delivery of bioactive drug molecules with special emphasis on immunotherapy in drug resistant tuberculosis – a critical review

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