Impact Analysis of Standardized GNSS Receiver Testing against Real-World Interferences Detected at Live Monitoring Sites

Bhuiyan, Mohammad Zahidul H.; Ferrara, Nunzia Giorgia; Hashemi, Amin; Thombre, Sarang; Pattinson, Michael; Dumville, Mark

doi:10.3390/s19061276

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…With respect to the reliability, some weak points of GNSS positioning are its sensitivity to the presence of obstructions and its vulnerability to interference [5]. In relation to the latter, the increasing occurrence of (especially intentional man-made) interferences has prompted the need for their monitoring, detection and even standardization [6,7] not to mention the push on research and development on better detection and mitigation techniques [8,9]. One of them is the new open service navigation message authentication (OSNMA) from the Galileo constellation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RTK+OSNMA Positioning for Road Applications: An Experimental Performance Analysis in Finland

Vallet García,

Bhuiyan

2024

Sensors

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We compare the performance of dual-band (GPS L1/L2 and Galileo E1/E5a) real-time kinematic (RTK) positioning in an open sky and urban scenarios in southern Finland using two different authentication schemes: one using only satellites authenticated by Galileo’s open service navigation message authentication (OSNMA) service (which at the moment of our tests led to using only authenticated Galileo satellites) and the other with no authentication. The results show the actual trade-off between accuracy and availability vs. authenticity associated with using only OSNMA-authenticated satellites, while the authentication of only Galileo satellites is possible (e.g., a drop of RTK positioning availability from 96.67 to 86.01% in our open sky and from 73.55 to 18.65% in our urban scenarios, respectively), and an upper bound of the potential performance that could be reached in similar experimental conditions had the authentication of GPS satellites been supported (e.g., an overall 14 cm and 10.20 m 95% horizontal accuracy in our open sky and urban scenarios, with below 30, 20 and 10 cm during 97.39, 96.03 and 92.43% of the time in the open sky and 49.12, 45.96 and 39.63% in the urban scenarios, respectively).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RTK+OSNMA Positioning for Road Applications: An Experimental Performance Analysis in Finland

Vallet García,

Bhuiyan

2024

Sensors

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“…Several interference monitoring systems exist [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ]. There is also an attempt to standardize monitoring approaches [ 30 ]. Several systems are developed to be low-cost [ 3 , 11 , 13 ] or to use software-defined radio (SDR) techniques [ 3 , 4 , 13 , 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-Cost COTS GNSS Interference Monitoring, Detection, and Classification System

Merwe

Franco

Hansen

et al. 2023

Sensors

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Interference signals cause position errors and outages to global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receivers. However, to solve these problems, the interference source must be detected, classified, its purpose determined, and localized to eliminate it. Several interference monitoring solutions exist, but these are expensive, resulting in fewer nodes that may miss spatially sparse interference signals. This article introduces a low-cost commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) GNSS interference monitoring, detection, and classification receiver. It employs machine learning (ML) on tailored signal pre-processing of the raw signal samples and GNSS measurements to facilitate a generalized, high-performance architecture that does not require human-in-the-loop (HIL) calibration. Therefore, the low-cost receivers with high performance can justify significantly more receivers being deployed, resulting in a significantly higher probability of intercept (POI). The architecture of the monitoring system is described in detail in this article, including an analysis of the energy consumption and optimization. Controlled interference scenarios demonstrate detection and classification capabilities exceeding conventional approaches. The ML results show that accurate and reliable detection and classification are possible with COTS hardware.

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“…Lab tests were also done by [16], where real-world jamming data registered on monitoring stations as part of the STRIKE3 project (www.gnss-strike3.eu) were used in evaluating code-based receiver performance in a standardized test. This showed some difference between mass-market and professional grade receivers, especially in the prioritization of accuracy versus availability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Carrier Phase-Based Positioning in Real-World Jamming Conditions

S.¹,

Jensen²,

Olesen³

2021

Remote Sensing

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GNSS signals arriving at receivers at the surface of the Earth are weak and easily susceptible to interference and jamming. In this paper, the impact of jamming on the reference station in carrier phase-based relative baseline solutions is examined. Several scenarios are investigated in order to assess the robustness of carrier phase-based positioning towards jamming. Among others, these scenarios include a varying baseline length, the use of single- versus dual-frequency observations, and the inclusion of the Galileo and GLONASS constellations to a GPS only solution. The investigations are based on observations recorded at physical reference stations in the Danish TAPAS network during actual jamming incidents, in order to realistically evaluate the impact of real-world jamming on carrier phase-based positioning accuracy. The analyses performed show that, while there are benefits of using observations from several frequencies and constellations in positioning solutions, special care must be taken in solution processing. The selection of which GNSS constellations and observations to include, as well as when they are included, is essential, as blindly adding more jamming-affected observations may lead to worse positioning accuracy.

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Impact Analysis of Standardized GNSS Receiver Testing against Real-World Interferences Detected at Live Monitoring Sites

Cited by 8 publications

References 3 publications

RTK+OSNMA Positioning for Road Applications: An Experimental Performance Analysis in Finland

RTK+OSNMA Positioning for Road Applications: An Experimental Performance Analysis in Finland

Low-Cost COTS GNSS Interference Monitoring, Detection, and Classification System

Characterization of Carrier Phase-Based Positioning in Real-World Jamming Conditions

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