Impact assessment of biomass-based district heating systems in densely populated communities. Part I: Dynamic intake fraction methodology

Petrov, Olga; Bi, Xiaotao; Lau, Anthony

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.05.036

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Biomass can also be converted to hydrocarbons via pyrolysis, exemplified by an emerging technology, HTL, that can produce biofuels for aviation. [25] Utilizing forest waste materials can also avoid GHGs and health impacts generated by slash burning and wildfires. [26] The carbon footprint of bioenergy is usually reported on an output basis, [27] such as per GJ bioenergy product, but this conceals the importance of utilization efficiency.…”

Section: Bioenergy Potential In Bcmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clean energy strategies and pathways to meet British Columbia's decarbonization targets

Wang

Clift

2022

Can J Chem Eng

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British Columbia (BC) recently released the CleanBC policy framework to promote clean energy and mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, CleanBC lacks concrete measures to reverse the growth of energy demand. Although BC has rich biomass and hydroelectric resources, it remains unclear whether these renewable resources will be enough to meet future energy demand. In this work, the potential in BC for increasing production and use of bioenergy, renewable electricity, and low-carbon hydrogen was assessed, and the most efficient measures were identified. Energy scenarios were constructed to explore BC's future renewable energy demands for meeting GHG mitigation targets. The results show that CleanBC will drastically raise renewable energy demands but fail to achieve the 2030 target without radical demand reduction.Seen as the core strategy in CleanBC, electrification will require at least 60 PJ of additional electricity supply for 2030 and 160 PJ for carbon neutrality in 2050. This implies implementing wind and solar generation in capacities comparable to massive hydroelectric projects. Alternative to electrification is the bioenergy-centred strategy. Existing waste biomass must be fully exploited; even then, roughly 250 and 460 PJ of additional primary bioenergy will be needed for 2030 and 2050, respectively, well beyond any foreseeable waste supply within BC. Hence, it is essential to utilize all the available biomass and renewable electricity resources and promote a diversified renewable energy portfolio. Hydrogen used as an energy carrier must be produced from natural gas with carbon capture to avoid competition for the limited renewable energy resources.

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Section: Bioenergy Potential In Bcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Clean Energy Supply and Strategies In Bcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clean energy strategies and pathways to meet British Columbia's decarbonization targets

Wang

Clift

2022

Can J Chem Eng

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“…Petrov et al [48,49] performed an HIA on the air surrounding a gasification plant, studying five scenarios. Emissions impacts are estimated according to the emission factors listed in the literature and are divided by day/night and for the four seasons.…”

Section: Health Impact Assessment and Risk Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Human Health Toxicity Assessment of Biogas Engines Regulated and Unregulated Emissions

Macor

Benato

2020

Applied Sciences

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The aim of the work is to evaluate the damage to human health arising from emissions of in-operation internal combustion engines fed by biogas. The need of including also unregulated emissions like polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), aldehydes and dioxins and furans is twofold: (i) to cover the lack in biogas engine emissions measurements and (ii) to complete the picture on biogas harmfulness to human health by identifying the substances with the highest impact. To this purpose, an experimental campaign is conducted on six biogas engines and one fed by natural gas all characterised by an electric power of 999 kWel. Collected data are used to perform an impact analysis on human health combining the Health Impact Assessment and the Risk Assessment. Measurements show that PAHs, aldehydes and diossin and furans are almost always below the detection limit, in both biogas and natural gas exhausts. The carcinogenic risk analysis of PAHs for the two fuels established their substantial equivalence. The analysis of equivalent toxicity of dioxins and furans reveals that biogas is, on average, 10 times more toxic than natural gas. Among regulated emissions, NOx in the biogas engines exhausts are three times higher than those of natural gas. They are the main contributors to human health damage, with approximately 90% of the total. SOx ranks second and accounts for about 6% of the total damage. Therefore, (i) the contribution to human health damage of unregulated emissions is limited compared to the damage from unregulated emissions, (ii) the damage per unit of electricity of biogas engines exhausts is about three times higher than that of natural gas and it is directly linked to NOx, (iii) obtaining a good estimation of the human health damage from both biogas and natural gas engines emissions is enough of a reason to consider NOx and SOx.

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“…Park et al [47] continued consideration of the use of electron beam technology (EB) used to simultaneously remove SO 2 and NO x from the combustion components of flue gases emitted from a power plant. Emissions primarily depend on the type of fuel burned at power plants: solid fuel leads to a high concentration of emissions [41,48,60], another type of power plant fuel is natural gas, the emissions effects of which were investigated by [10,23,46] compared different emission generation scenarios (point and mobile sources) from a power plant, using a 3D microscale model of chemical transport, as the distribution of pollutants studied in the mesome scale models does not allow to solve high gradients of air pollution. The use of parameterized microscale models such as OSPM [6], SIRANE [57] or ADMS-URBAN [52] is widely used for air quality modeling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The assessment of two different pollutants dispersion from a coal-fired power plant for various thermal regimes

Issakhov

Mashenkova

2021

J Environ Health Sci Engineer

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In this study, numerical simulations of the movement and emissions dispersion of two pollutants (sulfur dioxide(SO 2 ) and carbon dioxide(CO 2 )) into the atmospheric boundary layer were considered under natural atmospheric conditions. To test the numerical algorithm and to select the optimal turbulent model, the test problem was solved numerically. The obtained computational data were compared with measurement data and values from the computation of other authors and the SST k-omega model illustrated the closest values to the data from the experiment, this is achieved by modifying the boundary condition for turbulent kinetic energy. The tested computational algorithm was used to characterize the emissions process of two pollutants from two chimneys of the Ekibastuz SDPP and the distribution of CO 2 and SO 2 in the air flow field in natural air condition. For this task, four various velocity variations were considered, as well as several various thermal variations (temperature inversion, constant temperature and decreasing temperature by the height). From the obtained computational results, it should be noticed that different environmental temperature conditions extremely impact the distribution of pollutants CO 2 and SO 2 in the atmospheric surface layer, so at constant temperature conditions, the species for all velocity variations have nearly identical species profile.Keywords CO 2 and SO 2 pollutants dispersion . SIMPLE algorithm . Jet in crossflow . Reynoldsaveraged Navier-Stokes(RANS) . Different thermal regimes * Alibek Issakhov

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Impact assessment of biomass-based district heating systems in densely populated communities. Part I: Dynamic intake fraction methodology

Cited by 15 publications

References 40 publications

Clean energy strategies and pathways to meet British Columbia's decarbonization targets

Clean energy strategies and pathways to meet British Columbia's decarbonization targets

A Human Health Toxicity Assessment of Biogas Engines Regulated and Unregulated Emissions

The assessment of two different pollutants dispersion from a coal-fired power plant for various thermal regimes

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