Impact assessment of increasing renewable energy penetration on voltage instability tendencies of power system buses using a QV-based index

Abstract

This paper presents a QV-based approach called Critical Voltage-Reactive Power Ratio (CVQR) index to assess the voltage instability tendencies of power system buses with increase in renewable energy (RE) penetration within the power system. The buses are thus ranked according to the order in which they are impacted by increase in renewable energy penetration. Simulations were performed using DIgSILENT PowerFactory and result analyses were done with MATLAB. The developed CVQR index has been employed to assess the effect of increasing RE generation on grid voltage stability. This index provides information on the voltage instability tendencies of all non-slack buses of the RE-integrated grid and the buses are ranked from the weakest to the strongest. The rankings obtained from the developed CVQR has been compared with five commonly-used indices and the result of the comparison verifies the accuracy of the proposed index. IEEE 14-bus and IEEE 39-bus New England systems have been used to evaluate the proposed CVQR index and various scenarios of RE system combinations and placements have been considered. Voltage collapse condition is indicated whenever the CVQR index associated with any bus becomes positive (CVQR > 0). This index can as well be applied to other power system networks. The overall ranking of the buses based on the CVQR index can provide insights on the most appropriate location for large inductive loads or compensating devices, which can either absorb or inject reactive power into the power system, thereby influencing the system’s voltage stability.