Impact of 10 Dietary Sterols on Growth and Reproduction of Daphnia galeata

Martin‐Creuzburg, Dominik; Elert, Eric von

doi:10.1023/b:joec.0000018624.94689.95

Cited by 72 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…However, picocyanobacteria, such as species of the genus Synechococcus, are unsuitable for supporting Daphnia spp. growth and reproduction (Lampert 1977a,b, 1981, Von Elert et al 2003, Martin-Creuzburg & Von Elert 2004, MartinCreuzburg et al 2005; therefore, cladocerans might also benefit from grazing on protozoans, provided that protozoan carbon is more suitable for Daphnia spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trophic upgrading of picocyanobacterial carbon by ciliates for nutrition of Daphnia magna

Martin‐Creuzburg¹,

Bec²,

Elert³

2005

Aquat. Microb. Ecol.

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Unicellular picocyanobacteria, such as species of the genus Synechococcus, are unsuitable for supporting growth and reproduction of Daphnia spp. In Synechococcus spp., long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and sterols are absent, which leads to a low carbon transfer efficiency at the picocyanobacteria-Daphnia spp. interface. Herein, we address the question as to whether ciliates can serve as a trophic link between picocyanobacterial production and Daphnia spp. production, thereby upgrading the nutritional value of a picocyanobacterial food source by producing essential lipids such as PUFAs or sterols. In simplified experimental food chains consisting of 1 of 2 different Synechococcus strains, the ciliates Colpidium campylum or Cyclidium sp., and D. magna, we provided evidence that predation on ciliates by Daphnia spp. allows access to picocyanobacterial production. Since daphnids are primarily sterol-limited when grown on the picocyanobacteria Synechococcus spp., the observed trophic upgrading of Synechococcus food-quality by intermediary ciliates is most probably due to the addition of sterols or sterol-like compounds that (at least partly) release Daphnia spp. from sterol limitation. The absence of sterols in the ciliates used in the present study suggests that tetrahymanol and/or hopanoids provide functional equivalents of sterols not only in ciliates but also in Daphnia spp., thereby leading to enhanced growth of the cladocerans.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trophic upgrading of picocyanobacterial carbon by ciliates for nutrition of Daphnia magna

Martin‐Creuzburg¹,

Bec²,

Elert³

2005

Aquat. Microb. Ecol.

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“…Conner et al 1969;Nusblat et al 2005). Sterols containing double bonds at D , or D 5,7,22 enhance the growth of Daphnia on a sterolfree diet (Martin-Creuzburg and von Elert 2004). Therefore, the improved growth of D. magna on cholesterol-supplemented C. campylum ( Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, although rich in nitrogen and phosphorus, ciliates are less nutritious for daphnids than many algae (Bec et al 2003;DeBiase et al 1990;Sanders et al 1996;Wickham et al 1993). 1 Recently, the dietary sterol content has been identified as a crucial factor in determining food quality for Daphnia (Martin-Creuzburg and Von Elert 2004Elert , 2005aVon Elert et al 2003). Available data suggest that ciliates lack the ability to synthesize sterols de novo (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…-sterol lathosterol has been previously shown to support Daphnia growth to a significantly lower extent than D 5 -sterols (Martin-Creuzburg and von Elert 2004). Therefore, the lower growth of D. magna on lathosterol-supplemented than on cholesterol-or dihydrocholesterol-supplemented C. campylum might be due to (1) the higher content of D 7 -sterols, which are possibly less efficiently used by daphnids, or (2) to an overall lower sterol content of the ciliates that is insufficient in releasing Daphnia from sterol limitation ( High amounts of dihydrocholesterol were found in the ciliate cells supplemented with dihydrocholesterol, accompanied by even higher amounts of a sterol tentatively identified as 5a-cholest-8-en3b-ol.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast to C. campylum, T. pyriformis is capable of introducing a D (22E)-cholesta-5,7,22-trien-3b-ol (Mulheirn et al 1971). In both cases, however, this would lead to an upgrading of food quality by the ciliate since dihydrocholesterol itself does not support the growth of Daphnia (Martin-Creuzburg and Von Elert 2004). A number of physiological effects of sterol incorporation into ciliate cell membranes have also been reported, e.g.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Supplementation with Sterols Improves Food Quality of a Ciliate for Daphnia magna

Martin‐Creuzburg¹,

Bec²,

Elert³

2006

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Experimental results provide evidence that trophic interactions between ciliates and Daphnia are constrained by the comparatively low food quality of ciliates. The dietary sterol content is a crucial factor in determining food quality for Daphnia. Ciliates, however, presumably do not synthesize sterols de novo. We hypothesized that ciliates are nutritionally inadequate because of their lack of sterols and tested this hypothesis in growth experiments with Daphnia magna and the ciliate Colpidium campylum. The lipid content of the ciliate was altered by allowing them to feed on fluorescently labeled albumin beads supplemented with different sterols. Ciliates that preyed upon a sterol-free diet (bacteria) did not contain any sterols, and growth of D. magna on these ciliates was poor. Supplementation of the ciliates' food source with different sterols led to the incorporation of the supplemented sterols into the ciliates' cells and to enhanced somatic growth of D. magna. Sterol limitation was thereby identified as the major constraint of ciliate food quality for Daphnia. Furthermore, by supplementation of sterols unsuitable for supporting Daphnia growth, we provide evidence that ciliates as intermediary grazers biochemically upgrade unsuitable dietary sterols to sterols appropriate to meet the physiological demands of Daphnia.

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Sterol content in the artificial diet of Mythimna separata affects the metabolomics of Arma chinensis (Fallou) as determined by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

Guo

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2017

Arch Insect Biochem Physiol

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Insects cannot synthesize sterols and must obtain them from plants. Therefore, reducing plant sterol content or changing sterol type might be an effective pest control strategy. However, the impacts of these changes on pests' natural predators remain unknown. Here, we fed artificial diets with reduced sterol content to Mythimna separata (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and investigated the effects on its natural predator, Arma chinensis (Fallou) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Reduced sterol content in M. separata (MS1, MS2, and MS5) was achieved by feeding them artificial diets prepared from a feed base subjected to one, two, or five cycles of sterol extractions, respectively. The content of most substances increased in A. chinensis (AC) groups feeding on MS2 and MS5. The content of eight substances (alanine, betaine, dimethylamine, fumarate, glutamine, glycine, methylamine, and sarcosine) differed significantly between the control (AC0) and treated (AC1, AC2, and AC5) groups. Metabolic profiling revealed that only AC5 was significantly distinct from AC0; the major substances contributing to this difference were maltose, glucose, tyrosine, proline, O-phosphocholine, glutamine, allantoin, lysine, valine, and glutamate. Furthermore, only two metabolic pathways, that is, nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism and ubiquinone and other terpenoid-quinone biosynthesis, differed significantly between AC1 and AC5 and the control, albeit with an impact value of zero. Thus, the sterol content in the artificial diet fed to M. separata only minimally affected the metabolites and metabolic pathways of its predator A. chinensis, suggesting that A. chinensis has good metabolic self-regulation with high resistance to sterol content changes.

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Impact of 10 Dietary Sterols on Growth and Reproduction of Daphnia galeata

Cited by 72 publications

References 36 publications

Trophic upgrading of picocyanobacterial carbon by ciliates for nutrition of Daphnia magna

Trophic upgrading of picocyanobacterial carbon by ciliates for nutrition of Daphnia magna

Supplementation with Sterols Improves Food Quality of a Ciliate for Daphnia magna

Sterol content in the artificial diet of Mythimna separata affects the metabolomics of Arma chinensis (Fallou) as determined by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

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