Impact of 3‐D Earth structure on Fennoscandian glacial isostatic adjustment: Implications for space‐geodetic estimates of present‐day crustal deformations

Whitehouse, Pippa L.; Latychev, Konstantin; Milne, Glenn A.; Mitrovica, J. X.; Kendall, Roblyn A.

doi:10.1029/2006gl026568

Cited by 52 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Current GIA models are mostly based on radially stratified (3D) Earth models with linear rheology (e.g., Sabadini and Vermeersen, 2004). During the last few years progress has been made in the development of global, 3D-stratified earth modelling (Martinec, 2000;Wu and van der Wal, 2003;Whitehouse et al, 2006). However, due to computational restrictions, the latter models still have relatively low resolution.…”

Section: Current Models and Problems To Be Solvedmentioning

confidence: 99%

DynaQlim – Upper Mantle Dynamics and Quaternary Climate in Cratonic Areas

Poutanen

Dransch

Gregersen

et al. 2009

New Frontiers in Integrated Solid Earth Sciences

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The isostatic adjustment of the solid Earth to the glacial loading (GIA, Glacial Isostatic Adjustment) with its temporal signature offers a great opportunity to retrieve information of Earth's upper mantle to the changing mass of glaciers and ice sheets, which in turn is driven by variations in Quaternary climate. DynaQlim (Upper Mantle Dynamics and Quaternary Climate in Cratonic Areas) has its focus to study the relations between upper mantle dynamics, its composition and physical properties, temperature, rheology, and Quaternary climate. Its regional focus lies on the cratonic areas of northern Canada and Scandinavia.Geodetic methods like repeated precise levelling, tide gauges, high-resolution observations of recent movements, gravity change and monitoring of postglacial faults have given information on the GIA process for more than 100 years. They are accompanied by more recent techniques like GPS observations and the GRACE and GOCE satellite missions which provide additional global and regional constraints on the gravity field. Combining geodetic observations with seismological investigations, studies of the postglacial faults and continuum mechanical modelling of GIA, DynaQlim offers new insights into properties of the lithosphere. Another step toward a better understanding of GIA has been the joint inversion of different types of observational data -preferentially connected with geological relative sea-level evidence of the Earth's rebound during the last 10,000 years.Due to the changes in the lithospheric stress state large faults ruptured violently at the end of the last M. Poutanen ( ) Finnish Geodetic Institute, Geodeetinrinne 2, 02430 Masala, Finland e-mail: markku.poutanen@fgi.fi glaciation in large earthquakes, up to the magnitudes M W = 7-8. Whether the rebound stress is still able to trigger a significant fraction of intraplate seismic events in these regions is not completely understood due to the complexity and spatial heterogeneity of the regional stress field. Understanding of this mechanism is of societal importance.Glacial ice sheet dynamics are constrained by the coupled process of the deformation of the viscoelastic solid Earth, the ocean and climate variability. Exactly how the climate and oceans reorganize to sustain growth of ice sheets that ground to continents and shallow continental shelves is poorly understood. Incorporation of nonlinear feedback in modelling both ocean heat transport systems and atmospheric CO 2 is a major challenge. Climate-related loading cycles and episodes are expected to be important, hence also more shortterm features of palaeoclimate should be explicitly treated.

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Section: Current Models and Problems To Be Solvedmentioning

confidence: 99%

DynaQlim – Upper Mantle Dynamics and Quaternary Climate in Cratonic Areas

Poutanen

Dransch

Gregersen

et al. 2009

New Frontiers in Integrated Solid Earth Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Whitehouse et al (2006) showed that inclusion of 3D Earth structure perturbs uplift rate predictions across Fennoscandia by an amount greater than current GPS 585 accuracy, with significant implications for inferences of past ice-sheet history, while Kendall et al (2006) demonstrated that relative sea-level change predictions will be biased by >0.2 mm/yr at ~150 global tide gauge sites if 3D Earth structure is neglected, with maximum differences exceeding several mm/yr. Since solid Earth deformation depends on both the surface load history and Earth rheology, non-uniqueness is a problem when solving for these two unknowns.…”

Section: Gia Models Traditionally Assume the Earth Behaves As A Lineamentioning

confidence: 99%

Glacial Isostatic Adjustment modelling: historical perspectives, recent advances, and future directions

Whitehouse¹

2018

Preprint

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Abstract. Glacial Isostatic Adjustment (GIA) describes the response of the solid Earth, the gravitational field, and 5 consequently the oceans to the growth and decay of the global ice sheets. It is a process that takes place relatively rapidly, triggering 100 m-scale changes in sea level and solid Earth deformation over just a few tens of thousands of years. Indeed, the first-order effects of GIA could already be quantified several hundred years ago without reliance on precise measurement techniques and scientists have been developing a unifying theory for the observations for over 200 years. Progress towards this goal required a number of significant breakthroughs to be made, including the recognition that ice sheets were once 10 more extensive, the solid Earth changes shape over time, and gravity plays a central role in determining the pattern of sealevel change. This article describes in detail the historical development of the field of GIA and an overview of the processes involved. Significant recent progress has been made as concepts associated with GIA have begun to be incorporated into parallel fields of research; these advances are discussed, along with the role that GIA is likely to play in addressing outstanding research questions within the field of Earth system modelling. 15

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“…In these cases, the geodetic data has been used to show agreement with the models in the broadest sense, but also highlight important differences and hence enable new constraints to be made on GIA modelling (Milne et al 2001;Whitehouse et al 2006).…”

Section: Modelling Gia and Present-day Model Uncertaintymentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Constraints on Models of Glacial Isostatic Adjustment: A Review of the Contribution of Ground-Based Geodetic Observations

et al. 2010

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The provision of accurate models of Glacial Isostatic Adjustment (GIA) is presently a priority need in climate studies, largely due to the potential of the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) data to be used to determine accurate and continent-wide assessments of ice mass change and hydrology. However, modelled GIA is 123Surv Geophys (2010) 31:465-507 DOI 10.1007/s10712-010-9100-4 uncertain due to insufficient constraints on our knowledge of past glacial changes and to large simplifications in the underlying Earth models. Consequently, we show differences between models that exceed several mm/year in terms of surface displacement for the two major ice sheets: Greenland and Antarctica. Geodetic measurements of surface displacement offer the potential for new constraints to be made on GIA models, especially when they are used to improve structural features of the Earth's interior as to allow for a more realistic reconstruction of the glaciation history. We present the distribution of presently available campaign and continuous geodetic measurements in Greenland and Antarctica and summarise surface velocities published to date, showing substantial disagreement between techniques and GIA models alike. We review the current state-of-the-art in ground-based geodesy (GPS, VLBI, DORIS, SLR) in determining accurate and precise surface velocities. In particular, we focus on known areas of need in GPS observation level models and the terrestrial reference frame in order to advance geodetic observation precision/accuracy toward 0.1 mm/year and therefore further constrain models of GIA and subsequent present-day ice mass change estimates.

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Impact of 3‐D Earth structure on Fennoscandian glacial isostatic adjustment: Implications for space‐geodetic estimates of present‐day crustal deformations

Cited by 52 publications

References 30 publications

DynaQlim – Upper Mantle Dynamics and Quaternary Climate in Cratonic Areas

DynaQlim – Upper Mantle Dynamics and Quaternary Climate in Cratonic Areas

Glacial Isostatic Adjustment modelling: historical perspectives, recent advances, and future directions

Improved Constraints on Models of Glacial Isostatic Adjustment: A Review of the Contribution of Ground-Based Geodetic Observations

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