Impact of a Change in Antibiotic Prophylaxis on Total Antibiotic Use in a Surgical Intensive Care Unit

Meyer, Elisabeth; Schwab, Frank J.; Pollitt, A.; Bettolo, W.; Schroeren-Boersch, B.; Trautmann, Matthias

doi:10.1007/s15010-009-9115-2

Cited by 31 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In the pretest-posttest design, one or more measurements are taken before and after the intervention; there is no control group that has not undergone the intervention for comparison (150)(151)(152)(153). For example, Di Pentima and Chan used this design to study the effect of limiting vancomycin use on the incidence of VRE in a pediatric hospital (152).…”

Section: Nonrandomized Intervention (Quasiexperimental or Beforeaftermentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological Interpretation of Studies Examining the Effect of Antibiotic Usage on Resistance

et al. 2013

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SUMMARY Bacterial resistance to antibiotics is a growing clinical problem and public health threat. Antibiotic use is a known risk factor for the emergence of antibiotic resistance, but demonstrating the causal link between antibiotic use and resistance is challenging. This review describes different study designs for assessing the association between antibiotic use and resistance and discusses strengths and limitations of each. Approaches to measuring antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance are presented. Important methodological issues such as confounding, establishing temporality, and control group selection are examined.

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Section: Nonrandomized Intervention (Quasiexperimental or Beforeaftermentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological Interpretation of Studies Examining the Effect of Antibiotic Usage on Resistance

et al. 2013

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“…Nonetheless, recent reports highlight the increasing number of patients that are infected by strains resistant to these types of glycopeptides, especially vancomycin (Barreto et al 2009;Klare et al 1995a;Van der Auwera et al 1996). Resistant E. faecalis strains presenting resistance to the above-mentioned glycopeptides have also been detected in nosocomial infections (Cetinkaya et al 2000;Goossens 1999;Klare et al 2003;Low et al 2001;Meyer et al 2010;Rice et al 2003), infected animals (Aarestrup et al 1996;Bates et al 1994;Klare et al 1995b), and in water treatment plants (Bates et al 1994;Kim et al 2004;Klare et al 1993;Torres et al 1994), which constitute a major source of infectious agents for the general population.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Enterococcus faecalis bacteria resistant to heavy metals and antibiotics in surface waters of the Mololoa River in Tepic, Nayarit, Mexico

Mondragón

Llamas-Pérez

González-Guzmán

et al. 2011

Environ Monit Assess

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Heavy metal and antibiotic resistance have been shown to have a strong correlation in nature, and their inter-relation is an important subject of study. We report an analysis of surface waters of the Mololoa River in the municipality of Tepic, state of Nayarit, Mexico. This river has two distinctive sources of contamination: sewage waters and trash confinements. Our findings demonstrate a correlation between the river flow pattern and resistance to heavy metals or to heavy metals and antibiotics in isolated bacteria of the genus Enterococcus, specifically Enterococcus faecalis. The Mololoa River provides a model to study the relationship between water flow and generation of biodiversity, and more importantly, it constitutes a model for studying genetic diversity of bacteria affecting human health.

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“…[29] Recently, Grau et al[20] analyzed the association between the consumption of anti-MRSA antibiotics and incidence of MRSA in 54 acute care hospitals in Catalonia from 2007 to 2012 and reported a steady increase in the vancomycin use despite a stable MRSA burden. Data from German ICUs over a period of nine years (2001 to 2009)[30] showed an overall increase in the use of antibiotics effective against MRSA although the incidence rate and the proportion of MRSA did not change significantly over time. Conversely, a US study[31] of treatment of MRSA wound infections showed that the proportion of the variation of antimicrobial (linezolid, clindamycin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and cephalexin) use was explained by the national and local MRSA burden.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial resistance rates in gram-positive bacteria do not drive glycopeptides use

et al. 2017

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Surveillance data are considered essential to appropriate empiric antibiotic therapy and stewardship. The objective of this study was to determine if a change in the rates of antibiotic resistance impacts antibiotic use in European hospitals. Glycopeptides use was selected to study the correlation between resistance rates and antibiotic use because of the restricted spectrum against resistant gram positive bacteria. PubMed, ECDC databases and national/regional surveillance systems were searched to identify glycopeptides´ consumption in defined daily dose per 1000 inhabitant-days (DID) and rate of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), methicillin-resistant coagulase negative staphylococci (MRCoNS), and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) in bloodstream infections (BSIs) in European countries between 1997 and 2015. Time trends were studied and associations between DID and BSI resistance rates were tested using multi-level mixed effect models. To account for the gap in the publication and dissemination of the yearly resistance data, a 2-year lag in the resistance rates was applied. Data on glycopeptides´ DID and resistance rates of target microorganisms in blood cultures were identified among 31 countries over a 19-year period. Glycopeptides use significantly increased (p<0·0001) while rates of MRSA BSIs decreased in majority of the countries (p<0·0001) and MRCoNS and VRE BSIs remained stable. Variation in glycopeptides’ DID was not associated with variation in BSIs due to MRSA (p = 0·136) and VRE (p = 0·613). After adjusting for MRCoNS and VRE resistance rates, among 21 countries, 11 (52%) had a concordant and 10 (48%) a discordant trend in yearly glycopeptides´ DID and MRSA BSI rates. No correlation was found between resistance rates and DID data even among 8 countries with more than 5% decrease in MRSA rates over time. (RC -0·009, p = 0·059). Resistance rate of MRSA, MRCoNS, and VRE BSIs does not impact DID of glycopeptides in European hospitals. This finding is key to redefining the role and structure of antimicrobial surveillance and stewardship programmes.

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Impact of a Change in Antibiotic Prophylaxis on Total Antibiotic Use in a Surgical Intensive Care Unit

Cited by 31 publications

References 15 publications

Epidemiological Interpretation of Studies Examining the Effect of Antibiotic Usage on Resistance

Epidemiological Interpretation of Studies Examining the Effect of Antibiotic Usage on Resistance

Identification of Enterococcus faecalis bacteria resistant to heavy metals and antibiotics in surface waters of the Mololoa River in Tepic, Nayarit, Mexico

Antimicrobial resistance rates in gram-positive bacteria do not drive glycopeptides use

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