Impact of a novel protein meal on the gastrointestinal microbiota and the host transcriptome of larval zebrafish Danio rerio

Abstract

Larval zebrafish was subjected to a methodological exploration of the gastrointestinal microbiota and transcriptome. Assessed was the impact of two dietary inclusion levels of a novel protein meal (NPM) of animal origin (ragworm Nereis virens) on the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Microbial development was assessed over the first 21 days post egg fertilization (dpf) through 16S rRNA gene-based microbial composition profiling by pyrosequencing. Differentially expressed genes in the GIT were demonstrated at 21 dpf by whole transcriptome sequencing (mRNAseq). Larval zebrafish showed rapid temporal changes in microbial colonization but domination occurred by one to three bacterial species generally belonging to Proteobacteria and Firmicutes. The high iron content of NPM may have led to an increased relative abundance of bacteria that were related to potential pathogens and bacteria with an increased iron metabolism. Functional classification of the 328 differentially expressed genes indicated that the GIT of larvae fed at higher NPM level was more active in transmembrane ion transport and protein synthesis. mRNAseq analysis did not reveal a major activation of genes involved in the immune response or indicating differences in iron uptake and homeostasis in zebrafish fed at the high inclusion level of NPM.

Gut Bacterial Communities in Geographically Distant Populations of Farmed Sea Bream (Sparus aurata) and Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)

“…could be a resident GITM as it has been found in the gut of farmed fish [ 46 ]. Propionibacterium acnes is commonly found in fish [ 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 21 ] and snails [ 51 ] but its major importance for the human skin microbiome [ 52 ] renders it as an uncertain autochthonous gut symbiont for S. aurata and D. labrax . Atopostipes is a fermentative genus and to date it has been associated with fermented flesh of skate ( Raja pulchra ) [ 53 ] but also with the Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar ) gut [ 49 ].…”

The composition and structure of the intestinal microflora of Anguilla marmorata at different growth rates: a deep sequencing study

“…; Rurangwa et al . ). Most Clostridium organisms (67·5 and 43·1% found in Am‐F and Am‐M group) identified from these eels were Cl.…”

“…The proportion of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes was higher in normal-growth eels when compared to stunted-growth eels. Among Firmicutes, the genus Clostridium was the most abundant in normal-growth groups, which were dominant members of gut bacteria in many mammals, including several fish species (Sullam et al 2012;Lopetuso et al 2013;Rurangwa et al 2015). Most Clostridium organisms (67Á5 and 43Á1% found in Am-F and Am-M group) identified from these eels were Cl.…”

Effect of Dietary Acidolysis-Oxidized Konjac Glucomannan Supplementation on Serum Immune Parameters and Intestinal Immune-Related Gene Expression of Schizothorax prenanti

“…First, farmed fish kept at high breeding densities are susceptible to numerous intestine-related diseases, because the intestine is the main entry point for harmful microorganisms [ 3 ]. Second, the gut microbiota, which is a potential factor for modulating fish pathogens, is likely to respond to dietary manipulations [ 4 , 5 ]. Third, farmed fish are typically fed commercial pellet feeds, which provide opportunities for manipulating intestinal health through the incorporation of various food additives in the feed [ 6 ].…”