“…This may also manifest itself in pseudo compliance or the so called "ceremonial adoption" of corporate initiatives and practices whereby the unit formally reports adoption to HQs, but in fact does not follow the practice (Kostova & Roth, 2002). Other manifestations include deliberate falsification of financial reports, shirking productive capability, or lying about unsuccessful project outcomes (Harrison & Harrell, 1993;Young, 1985). In addition, subsidiaries might sabotage HQs and abuse the discretion granted to them through intellectual property misappropriation, tunneling corporate resources and assets, transfer pricing, and other rent-or power-seeking actions at the expense of the corporation (e.g., Fama & Jensen, 1983;Jensen & Meckling, 1976;Mudambi & Navarra, 2004).…”