Impact of asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum on haematological parameters of pregnant women at first antenatal visit in South-western Nigeria

Obebe, Oluwasola Olaiya; Falohun, Olufarati Oludunsin; Olajuyigbe, Olaitan Olubunmi; Lawani, Mike Aneshimi; Ajayi, Olubunmi A.

doi:10.4314/thrb.v20i2.4

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The significantly lower red cell indices observed in pregnant women with P . falciparum malaria are consistent with other studies conducted in Nigeria [ 26 , 27 ] and Ghana [ 28 ]. P .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Serum anti-erythropoietin antibodies among pregnant women with Plasmodium falciparum malaria and anaemia: A case-control study in northern Ghana

et al. 2023

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Background Anaemia in pregnancy is common in underdeveloped countries, and malaria remains the predominant cause of the condition in Ghana. Anti-erythropoietin (anti-EPO) antibody production may be implicated in the pathogenesis of Plasmodium falciparum malaria-related anaemia in pregnancy. This study ascertained the prevalence of anti-EPO antibody production and evaluated the antibodies’ relationship with Plasmodium falciparum malaria and malaria-related anaemia in pregnancy. Methods This hospital-based case-control study recruited a total of 85 pregnant women (55 with Plasmodium falciparum malaria and 30 controls without malaria). Venous blood was taken from participants for thick and thin blood films for malaria parasite microscopy. Complete blood count (CBC) analyses were done using an automated haematology analyzer. Sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to assess serum erythropoietin (EPO) levels and anti-EPO antibodies. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 22.0. Results Haemoglobin (p<0.001), RBC (p<0.001), HCT (p = 0.006) and platelet (p<0.001) were significantly lower among pregnant women infected with Plasmodium falciparum. Of the 85 participants, five (5.9%) had anti-EPO antibodies in their sera, and the prevalence of anti-EPO antibody production among the Plasmodium falciparum-infected pregnant women was 9.1%. Plasmodium falciparum-infected pregnant women with anti-EPO antibodies had lower Hb (p<0.001), RBC (p<0.001), and HCT (p<0.001), but higher EPO levels (p<0.001). Younger age (p = 0.013) and high parasite density (p = 0.004) were significantly associated with Plasmodium falciparum-related anti-EPO antibodies production in pregnancy. Also, younger age (p = 0.039) and anti-EPO antibody production (p = 0.012) related to the development of Plasmodium falciparum malaria anaemia in pregnancy. Conclusion The prevalence of anti-EPO antibodies among pregnant women with Plasmodium falciparum malaria was high. Plasmodium falciparum parasite density and younger age could stimulate the production of anti-EPO antibodies, and the antibodies may contribute to the development of malarial anaemia in pregnancy. Screening for anti-EPO antibodies should be considered in pregnant women with P. falciparum malaria.

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“…The significantly lower red cell indices observed in pregnant women with P . falciparum malaria are consistent with other studies conducted in Nigeria [ 26 , 27 ] and Ghana [ 28 ]. P .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Serum anti-erythropoietin antibodies among pregnant women with Plasmodium falciparum malaria and anaemia: A case-control study in northern Ghana

et al. 2023

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“…In addition, people with asymptomatic malaria infections serve as a quiet reservoir host for a naturally occurring infection that typically goes unnoticed and is less likely to be treated, which can spread the illness to the general populace [13]. The WHO established a global objective for eradicating malaria in at least 35 nations that experienced transmission in 2018 [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asymptomatic Malaria among Pregnant Women Attending Ante-Natal Clinic in Osogbo, Nigeria

Akindele,

Adeagbo,

Igbe

et al. 2023

PAJOLS

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Background: Pregnant women are in danger from malaria infection during pregnancy, which is a serious public health issue. A key obstacle to eradicating malaria is the reservoir host for the parasite, and is also regarded as one of the main obstacles to eliminating malaria. This study assessed the prevalence of asymptomatic malaria and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in Osogbo, Southwestern Nigeria. Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted between July and October 2020 to assess the prevalence and predictors of asymptomatic malaria among 294 consenting pregnant women. Socio-demographic data, Intermittent Preventive Treatment in pregnancy with SP (IPTp-SP), and information on insecticide-treated nets use were collected using a structured questionnaire. SD BIOLINE Malaria rapid diagnostic test kits and Giemsa-stained blood smear microscopy were used to diagnose Plasmodium infections. Anaemia status was determined using microhematocrit centrifugation. Data were analysed using SPSS version 20.0 statistical software. In all comparisons, p-values ≤ 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: The prevalence of asymptomatic malaria infection was 20.4% (60/294) and 23.5% (69/ 294) using microscopy and RDT, respectively. Among those infected, 76.7% were anaemic (p=0.001). Asymptomatic malaria was significantly associated with not using insecticide-treated bed nets (ITN). Secundigravida women and being in third-trimester pregnancy were significant determinants of pregnancy-associated malaria. Conclusion: This study showed that malaria and anaemia are still prevalent among pregnant women in Southern Nigeria, and it is a significant concern for public health. Improved access to intermittent preventive treatment with sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine and the use of long-lasting insecticidal nets should be encouraged to help further diminish the risk of malaria infection amongst pregnant women in the region.

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Prevalence of malaria parasite and its effects on some hematological parameters amongst pregnant women in Yola, Nigeria

Emmanuel,

Chessed,

Erukainure

et al. 2023

J.Umm Al-Qura Univ. Appll. Sci.

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Background Malaria infection during pregnancy presents a substantial health threat, adversely impacting both the mother and fetus. Its pathogenesis and clinical consequences further complicate diagnosis, treatment, and prevention, particularly in endemic regions. The precise impact of malaria infection on hematological profiles needs to be clearly elucidated, and the occurrence of malaria in expectant mothers still needs to be explored. Consequently, this study aims to assess the prevalence of malaria infection among pregnant women as well as to investigate and correlate the effects of this infection on the hematological parameters of pregnant women in Yola, Nigeria. Methods A structured hybrid questionnaire was used to gather socio-demographic, clinical, and obstetric data from 100 pregnant women aged 15–45 years. Malaria parasitemia was determined and confirmed using a light microscope, blood smear-staining techniques, and rapid diagnostic tests (RDT). At the same time, the packed cell volume (PCV) was measured using a microhematocrit reader. Also, the complete blood count was determined using Turk’s solution and Neubauer’s counting chamber (hemocytometer). Results Out of the 100 participants in the study, 76 tested positive for malaria, resulting in a prevalence rate of 76%. The age group between 30 and 34 years and multigravida recorded high values of malaria-infected women, accounting for 18 (23.7%) and 49%, respectively. Also, the study’s findings indicate that malaria-infected pregnant women had a significantly higher occurrence of anemia than those not infected (P = .045). In addition, eosinophil counts, total white blood cells (WBC), and neutrophil count were notably higher in pregnant women infected by malaria compared to those not infected (P < .05). Conversely, lymphocyte count, basophil count, and monocyte count were significantly lower in pregnant women infected by malaria compared to uninfected pregnant women. Conclusion Pregnant women participating in prenatal care at the Specialist Hospital in Yola, Nigeria, exhibited a relatively high occurrence of malaria parasite infection, and these infected pregnant women displayed a notable change in specific hematological parameters. The findings of this study offer valuable insights into the pathogenesis of malaria during pregnancy and contribute to improved diagnostic and management strategies for pregnant women at risk of malaria infection.

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Impact of asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum on haematological parameters of pregnant women at first antenatal visit in South-western Nigeria

Cited by 4 publications

References 19 publications

Serum anti-erythropoietin antibodies among pregnant women with Plasmodium falciparum malaria and anaemia: A case-control study in northern Ghana

Serum anti-erythropoietin antibodies among pregnant women with Plasmodium falciparum malaria and anaemia: A case-control study in northern Ghana

Asymptomatic Malaria among Pregnant Women Attending Ante-Natal Clinic in Osogbo, Nigeria

Prevalence of malaria parasite and its effects on some hematological parameters amongst pregnant women in Yola, Nigeria

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