Impact of Autonomous Vehicles on the Physical Infrastructure: Changes and Challenges

Abstract

Over the last few years, autonomous vehicles (AVs) have witnessed tremendous worldwide interest. Although AVs have been extensively studied in the literature regarding their benefits, implications, and public acceptance, research on the physical infrastructure requirements for autonomous vehicles is still in the infancy stage. For the road infrastructure, AVs can be very promising; however, AVs might introduce new risks and challenges. This paper investigates the impact of AVs on the physical infrastructure with the objective of revealing the infrastructure changes and challenges in the era of AVs. In AVs, the human factor, which is the major factor that influences the geometric design, will not be a concern anymore so the geometric design requirements can be relaxed. On the other hand, the decrease in the wheel wander, because of the lane-keeping system, and the increase in the lane capacity, because of the elimination of the human factor, will bring an accelerated rutting potential and will quickly deteriorate the pavement condition. Additionally, the existing structural design methods for bridges are not safe to support autonomous truck platoons. For parking lots, AVs have the potential to significantly increase the capacity of parking lots using the blocking strategy. However, the implementation of this parking strategy faces multiple issues such as the inconsistent marking system. Finally, AVs will need new infrastructure facilities such as safe harbor areas.

Perceived Effectiveness of Messages Designed to Promote the Use of Autonomous Vehicles

“…Future research could also assess a broader range of messages reflecting increasing understanding of the potential benefits of AVs. For example, ethical attitudes relating to the use of artificial intelligence, cybersecurity, and privacy and to the required infrastructure adaptations are also likely to impact on individuals' support for the widespread implementation of AVs [43,44].…”

The Longitudinal Driving Behavior of a Vehicle Assisted with Lv2 Driving Automation: An Empirical Study

“…In this study, the estimated value was − 6.73 s, which indicates that AVs such as the one investigated take less time to perceive and react to a slower leader vehicle. Tis result is a plausible driving behavior for any AVs because these rely on systems developed to perceive and react much faster than human drivers [60]. Empirically, CC3 can infuence a specifc lane fow distribution though its efects become insignifcant with increasing trafc volumes [61].…”

Load Effect of Automated Truck Platooning on Highway Bridges and Loading Strategy

“…The capacity of existing highway bridges to bear the ATP load directly affects the sustainable development of highway infrastructures and the future implementation of the ATP technology [ 17 , 18 ]. Recently, assessments of the impact of ATP on highway bridges have been conducted by some researchers.…”