Impact of base station location in clustering schemes of WSN

Yuvaraj, P; Manimozhi, M.

doi:10.1109/icmdcs.2017.8211579

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…WSN directing methods ought to take energy utilization, inclusion region, and different elements into account. WSN routing protocol can be classified as level, area mindful, or progressive relying upon the organization geography [8].…”

Section: Routing Protocols For Wireless Sensor Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

ZSGEEHCP: Zonal Stable Gateway Based Energy Efficient Heterogeneous Clustering Protocol For WSN- Based IoT.

Ranjith Kumar, Vijayakumar Varadarajan

2024

jes

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In future most of the devices on the earth connected to the internet for making world of intelligent networks. The internet of things (IoT) and Industrial IoT play a very significant role for implementing such kind of smart networks. So, in that case, the transmission of packets of data sent to the base station from sensor nodes with minimum energy consumption in a homogeneous or heterogeneous environment to hike the stability of the network appears as a big challenge for IoT-based networks. But, such kind of problem can be overcome by using a proper clustering algorithm. In this work, different kinds of classical clustering algorithms are studied precisely. Most of the traditional clustering algorithm protocols presume that all the nodes have the same amount of energy, they are unable to fully exploit the presence of node heterogeneity and the same problem will be faced with IoT-based networks. In this specific piece of work, we recommend a gateway based heterogeneous energy-based clustering algorithm which is crucial for many wireless sensor networks along with IoT-based applications. In this concept geographical area is divided into three zone, Advanced, Intermediate and normal zone. Here, advance nodes send data through gateway to the base station while intermediate node use clustering algorithm for transferring data and normal nodes communicate data to the base station directly. ZSGHCP is driven by the mounded election protocol probabilities of each node elected as a cluster head depending on the rest of the energy. By simulation, we show that ZSGHCP invariably extends the stability time as compared to current clustering procedures. Finally, we investigate the sensitivity of our ZSGHCP protocol to network heterogeneity characteristics that capture energy imbalance, throughput, and no of alive nodes. We construct that ZSGHCP payout extends the durability region for excessive values of additional energy brought by extra higher-powered nodes.

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Section: Routing Protocols For Wireless Sensor Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

ZSGEEHCP: Zonal Stable Gateway Based Energy Efficient Heterogeneous Clustering Protocol For WSN- Based IoT.

Ranjith Kumar, Vijayakumar Varadarajan

2024

jes

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“…The nodes are randomly deployed in rectangular fields with dimensions ranging from 100 m × 200 m to 100 m × 800 m. The total number of nodes in the fields, n t is varied from 200 to 1200. The DS is located in the fixed position of M f /2, N f as suggested in [25], where M f , and N f are the dimensions of the field. The field is segregated into a number of grids with the dimensions M g = X f /2, and…”

Section: Proposed Eesca-wr Algorithm a Preliminaries 1) Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scalable Grid-Based Data Gathering Algorithm for Environmental Monitoring Wireless Sensor Networks

Padmanaban

Muthukumarasamy

2020

IEEE Access

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Proper utilization of the available low-power is essential to extend the lifetime of the batteryoperated wireless sensor networks (WSNs) for environmental monitoring applications. It is mandatory because the batteries cannot be replaced or recharged after deployment due to impracticality. To utilize the power properly, an appropriate cluster-based data gathering algorithm is needed which reduces the overall power consumption of the network significantly. So, in this paper, a grid-based data gathering algorithm called energy-efficient structured clustering algorithm with relay (EESCA-WR) is proposed. In this algorithm, the grids have a single grid leader (GL) and multiple grid relays (GRs). The count of GRs in a grid is variable based on the geographic location of the grid with respect to the destination sink (DS). By doing this, we ensure that the reduction in power consumption is achieved because of the multi-hop shortdistance data communications. Also, the GLs are rotated in the right intervals in hybrid modes to minimize the usage of control messages considerably. A hybrid GL selection policy, a threshold-based GL rotation policy, and the policy of allotting dedicated relay-clusters in every grid make the proposed algorithm unique and better for homogeneous and heterogeneous wireless sensor networks. Performance evaluation of the proposed algorithm is carried out by varying the length of the field, the node-density, the grid-count, and the initial energy. Experimental results show that EESCA-WR is extremely scalable, energy-efficient with a minimum number of control messages, and can be used for large scale WSNs.

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“…Therefore, the unfolding of nodes is divided into two types: (1) a uniformly distributed field and (2) a randomly distributed field. In a uniformly distributed field, the nodes are systematically arranged in a predefined way [ 8 ], while in a randomly distributed field, the sensor nodes are randomly deployed in the area. In any case, due to the large number of nodes, network management issues such as connection management and fault detection become complex.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

EZ-SEP: Extended Z-SEP Routing Protocol with Hierarchical Clustering Approach for Wireless Heterogeneous Sensor Network

Nurlan

Zhukabayeva

Othman

2021

Sensors

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Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are networks of thousands of nodes installed in a defined physical environment to sense and monitor its state condition. The viability of such a network is directly dependent and limited by the power of batteries supplying the nodes of these networks, which represents a disadvantage of such a network. To improve and extend the life of WSNs, scientists around the world regularly develop various routing protocols that minimize and optimize the energy consumption of sensor network nodes. This article, introduces a new heterogeneous-aware routing protocol well known as Extended Z-SEP Routing Protocol with Hierarchical Clustering Approach for Wireless Heterogeneous Sensor Network or EZ-SEP, where the connection of nodes to a base station (BS) is done via a hybrid method, i.e., a certain amount of nodes communicate with the base station directly, while the remaining ones form a cluster to transfer data. Parameters of the field are unknown, and the field is partitioned into zones depending on the node energy. We reviewed the Z-SEP protocol concerning the election of the cluster head (CH) and its communication with BS and presented a novel extended mechanism for the selection of the CH based on remaining residual energy. In addition, EZ-SEP is weighted up using various estimation schemes such as base station repositioning, altering the field density, and variable nodes energy for comparison with the previous parent algorithm. EZ-SEP was executed and compared to routing protocols such as Z-SEP, SEP, and LEACH. The proposed algorithm performed using the MATLAB R2016b simulator. Simulation results show that our proposed extended version performs better than Z-SEP in the stability period due to an increase in the number of active nodes by 48%, in efficiency of network by the high packet delivery coefficient by 16% and optimizes the average power consumption compared to by 34.

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Impact of base station location in clustering schemes of WSN

Cited by 4 publications

References 18 publications

ZSGEEHCP: Zonal Stable Gateway Based Energy Efficient Heterogeneous Clustering Protocol For WSN- Based IoT.

ZSGEEHCP: Zonal Stable Gateway Based Energy Efficient Heterogeneous Clustering Protocol For WSN- Based IoT.

Scalable Grid-Based Data Gathering Algorithm for Environmental Monitoring Wireless Sensor Networks

EZ-SEP: Extended Z-SEP Routing Protocol with Hierarchical Clustering Approach for Wireless Heterogeneous Sensor Network

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