Impact of Biochar and Pyrolytic Temperature on Nutrient Content of Different Feed Stocks

Rahman, R.; Sofi, J. A.; Kirmani, N.A.; Dar, Irshad Hassan; Chesti, M.H.; Bangroo, Shabir Ahmad; Mir, S.A.; Wani, Owais Ali

doi:10.5958/0974-0228.2021.00067.0

Cited by 4 publications

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“…The AC under the studied feedstock biochar substantially increased with an increase in pyrolysis temperature. Similar findings have been reported by [66,67], who found a considerable increase in AC with the increase in pyrolysis temperature. The increase in the AC may be attributed to the progressive concentration of inorganic constituents [68], which also was revealed by [69].…”

Section: Effect Of Feedstock and Pyrolysis Temperature On Proximate A...supporting

confidence: 91%

“…At 600 • C, apple biochar had FC of 74.58%, while aquatic weed biochar had 43.44%. The FC content exhibited statistically significant differences between the two types of biochar at 400 • C. However, they were found to be par at 600 • C. The FC in biochar is that portion of C that is refractory and stays in the soil for a longer length of time [66]. FC is the primary indicator of the biochar's capacity to sequester C [77].…”

Section: Effect Of Feedstock and Pyrolysis Temperature On Proximate A...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mitigating Soil Erosion through Biomass-Derived Biochar: Exploring the Influence of Feedstock Types and Pyrolysis Temperature

Wani,

Akhter,

Kumar

et al. 2023

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Soil erosion is one of the major emerging threats to the Himalayan ecosystem. There is a dearth of diverse, cost-effective erosion control measures in the region. In the Himalayan region, where agriculture plays a pivotal role in local livelihoods and environmental stability, the management of soil erosion is of paramount importance. Hence, this study investigates the impact of biochar application on soil erosion and its related indices in the temperate Himalayas of India. This study employs a combination of physicochemical analysis and field experiments to assess the influence of biochar on soil erodibility. The research objectives include an examination of the influence of different temperature pyrolyzed biomasses and varying application rates on soil erodibility indices, viz., dispersion ratio (DR), percolation ratio (PR), clay ratio (CR), erosion ratio (ER), and mean weight diameter (MWD), considering two distinct fertilizer regimes. This study yielded quantitative results that shed light on the impact of various soil amendments and application rates on soil erodibility in the temperate Himalayas. Results showed that the mean values of the DR exhibited by amendment levels NB, AB400, AB600, RAC, DW400, DW600, and RDW were 0.37, 0.35, 0.51, 0.44, 0.51, 0.47, and 0.91, respectively. The mean values of DR for different amendment levels varied, with RDW exhibiting the highest erodibility at 0.91, while DW400 and DW600 demonstrated less soil disturbance, making them promising choices for soil erosion mitigation. Notably, the application of pyrolyzed weed residue improved soil erodibility, whereas AB600 resulted in increased soil erosion due to aggregate disintegration, as indicated by the MWD. Aquatic weed residues and apple wood chips applied without pyrolysis increased the soil erodibility, while pyrolyzed residues improved soil erodibility. The DR was 0.41 at the high application rate, 0.48 at the medium rate, and 0.61 at the low application rate. Among application rates, low rates (1 t ha−1) had the highest DR, followed by medium rates (2 t ha−1) and high rates (3 t ha−1). The no-fertilizer level exhibited higher DR (0.49) compared to the fertilized level (0.38). Results inferred that the application of AB400 °C at 3 t ha−1 can be adopted to minimize soil erosion and maintain ecological security in the temperate Himalayas.

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Section: Effect Of Feedstock and Pyrolysis Temperature On Proximate A...supporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Effect Of Feedstock and Pyrolysis Temperature On Proximate A...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitigating Soil Erosion through Biomass-Derived Biochar: Exploring the Influence of Feedstock Types and Pyrolysis Temperature

Wani,

Akhter,

Kumar

et al. 2023

Land

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“…Additionally, amendments play a pivotal role in improving soil structure and health, facilitating better root development and nutrient absorption, particularly under treatments like A3 ( Wani et al, 2023b ). The interaction between amendments and fertilizers can result in synergistic effects on plant growth, with certain combinations promoting specific physiological processes within the plant and enhancing growth and productivity ( Rahman et al, 2021 ). The application of the suitable amendment along with the RDF can notably increase the yield of maize crop.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrolyzed and unpyrolyzed residues enhance maize yield under varying rates of application and fertilization regimes

Wani,

Akhter,

Kumar

et al. 2024

PeerJ

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Biochar is increasingly gaining popularity due to its extensive recommendation as a potential solution for addressing the concerns of food security and climate change in agroecosystems, with biochar application for increased carbon sequestration, enhanced soil fertility, improved soil health, and increased crop yield and quality. There have been multiple studies on crop yield utilizing various biochar types and application amounts; however, none have focused on the influence of diverse biochar types at various pyrolysis temperatures with different application amounts and the integration of fertilizer regimes in maize crops. Therefore, a two-year factorial field experiment was designed in a temperate Himalayan region of India (THRI) to evaluate the residual effect of different biochar on maize yield under different pyrolysis temperatures, various application rates and fertilizer regimes. The study included three factors viz., amendment type (factor 1), rate of application (factor 2) and fertilizer regime (factor 3). Amendment type included 7 treatments: No biochar- control (A1), apple biochar @ 400 °C pyrolysis temperature (A2), apple biochar @ 600 °C pyrolysis temperature (A3), apple residue biomass (A4), dal weed biochar @ 400 °C pyrolysis temperature (A5), dal weed biochar @ 600 °C pyrolysis temperatures (A6), and dal weed residue biomass (A7). The rate of application included 3 levels: Low (L- 1 t ha−1), medium (M- 2 t ha−1), and high (H- 3 t ha−1). At the same time, the fertilizer regimes included 2 treatments: No fertilizer (N) and recommended dose of fertilizer (F). The results revealed that among the various amendment type, rate of application and fertilizer regimes, the A3 amendment, H rate of application and F fertilizer regime gave the best maize growth and productivity outcome. Results revealed that among the different pyrolyzed residues used, the A3 amendment had the highest plant height (293.87 cm), most kernels cob−1 (535.75), highest soil plant analysis development (SPAD) value (58.10), greatest cob length (27.36 cm), maximum cob girth (18.18 cm), highest grain cob yield (1.40 Mg ha−1), highest grain yield (4.78 Mg ha−1), higher test weight (305.42 gm), and highest stover yield (2.50 Mg ha−1). The maximum dry weight in maize and the number of cobs plant−1 were recorded with amendments A4 (14.11 Mg ha−1) and A6 (1.77), respectively. The comparatively 2nd year of biochar application than the 1st year, the H level of the rate of application than the L rate and the application and integration of the recommended dose of fertilizer in maize results in significantly higher values of growth and productivity in maize. Overall, these findings suggest that the apple biochar @ 600 °C pyrolysis temperature (A3) at a high application rate with the addition of the recommended dose of fertilizer is the optimal biochar for enhancing the growth and productivity of maize in the THRI.

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“…Table 4 clearly reflects this observation; the treatments with larger leaf areas also show larger dry matter production. As the dry matter accumulation is linearly related to the leaf area and tiller production; its maximum values were observed at the harvest stage [7,41,42]. Dry matter accumulation was significantly influenced by establishment methods in 2019 only.…”

Section: Growth Yield Attributes and Yieldsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Co-Implementation of Tillage, Precision Nitrogen, and Water Management Enhances Water Productivity, Economic Returns, and Energy-Use Efficiency of Direct-Seeded Rice

et al. 2022

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The sustainability of conventional rice (Oryza sativa L.) production systems is often questioned due to the over-mining of groundwater and environmental degradation. This has led to the development of cost-effective, resource-efficient, and environmentally clean rice production systems by optimizing water and nitrogen (N) use. Hence, a 2-year field study (2019 and 2020) was conducted at the ICAR–Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, to assess the effect of precision N and water management strategies on growth, land, and water productivity, as well as energy-use efficiency in scented direct-seeded rice (DSR). Two crop establishment methods, conventional-till DSR (CT-DSR) and zero-till DSR (ZT-DSR) along with three irrigation scenarios (assured irrigation (irrigation after 72 h of the drying of surface water), irrigation at 20% depletion of available soil moisture (DASM), and 40% DASM+Si (80 kg ha−1)) were assigned to the main plots; three N management options, a 100% recommended dose of N (RDN): 150 kg ha−1; Nutrient Expert® (NE®)+leaf color chart (LCC) and NE®+soil plant analysis development (SPAD) meter-based N management were allocated to sub-plots in a three-time replicated split-plot design. The CT-DSR produced 1.4, 11.8, and 89.4, and 2.4, 18.8, and 152.8% more grain yields, net returns, and net energy in 2019 and 2020, respectively, over ZT-DSR. However, ZT-DSR recorded 8.3 and 10.7% higher water productivity (WP) than CT-DSR. Assured irrigation resulted in 10.6, 16.1 16.9, and 8.1 and 12.3, 21.8 20.6, and 6.7% higher grain yields, net returns, net energy, and WP in 2019 and 2020, respectively, over irrigation at 20% DASM. Further, NE®+SPAD meter-based N management saved 27.1% N and recorded 9.6, 18.3, 16.8, and 8.3, and 8.8, 21.7, 19.9, and 10.7% greater grain yields, net returns, net energy, and WP over RDN in 2019 and 2020, respectively. Thus, the study suggested that the NE®+SPAD-based N application is beneficial over RDN for productivity, resource-use efficiency, and N-saving (~32 kg ha−1) both in CA-based and conventionally cultivated DSR. This study also suggests irrigating DSR after 72 h of the drying of surface water; however, under obviously limited water supplies, irrigation can be delayed until 20% DASM, thus saving two irrigations, which can be diverted to additional DSR areas.

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Impact of Biochar and Pyrolytic Temperature on Nutrient Content of Different Feed Stocks

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Mitigating Soil Erosion through Biomass-Derived Biochar: Exploring the Influence of Feedstock Types and Pyrolysis Temperature

Mitigating Soil Erosion through Biomass-Derived Biochar: Exploring the Influence of Feedstock Types and Pyrolysis Temperature

Pyrolyzed and unpyrolyzed residues enhance maize yield under varying rates of application and fertilization regimes

Co-Implementation of Tillage, Precision Nitrogen, and Water Management Enhances Water Productivity, Economic Returns, and Energy-Use Efficiency of Direct-Seeded Rice

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