Impact of body melanisation on desiccation resistance in montane populations of D. melanogaster: Analysis of seasonal variation

Parkash, Ravi; Sharma, Vineeta; Kalra, Bhawna

doi:10.1016/j.jinsphys.2009.06.004

Cited by 41 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…We speculate that the initial composition and change in the cuticle layer is more biased towards a greater number and length of hydrocarbons in H. borealis than either Antarctic dipteran. Differences in melanization between the two Diptera may also offer an explanation for the differing levels of resistance in the current study, as has been shown between Drosophila Parkash et al 2009;Parkash et al 2012;Ramniwas et al 2013).…”

Section: Desiccation Resistancesupporting

confidence: 57%

Contrasting strategies of resistance vs. tolerance to desiccation in two polar dipterans

et al. 2014

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Low water availability is one of the principal stressors for terrestrial invertebrates in the polar regions, determining the survival of individuals, the success of species and the composition of communities. The Arctic and Antarctic dipterans Heleomyza borealis and Eretmoptera murphyi spend the majority of their biennial life cycles as larvae, and so are exposed to the full range of environmental conditions, including low water availability, over the annual cycle. In the current study, the desiccation resistance and desiccation tolerance of larvae were investigated, as well as their capacity for crosstolerance to temperature stress. Larvae of H. borealis showed high levels of desiccation resistance, only losing 6.9% of their body water after 12 days at 98.2% relative humidity (RH). In contrast, larvae of E. murphyi lost 46.7% of their body water after 12 days at the same RH. Survival of E. murphyi larvae remained high in spite of this loss ( 80% survival). Following exposure to 98.2% RH, larvae of E. murphyi showed enhanced survival at (188C for 2 h. The supercooling point of larvae of both species was also lowered following prior treatment at 98.2% RH. Cross-tolerance to high temperatures (37 or 38.58C) was not noted following desiccation in E. murphyi, and survival even fell at 378C following a 12-day pre-treatment. The current study demonstrates two different strategies of responding to low water availability in the polar regions and indicates the potential for cross-tolerance, a capacity which is likely to be beneficial in the ever-changing polar climate.

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Section: Desiccation Resistancesupporting

confidence: 57%

Contrasting strategies of resistance vs. tolerance to desiccation in two polar dipterans

et al. 2014

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“…The majority of insect water loss is across the cuticle, due to the high surface area to volume ratio (Gibbs, 2002;Hadley, 1994), and reduced rates of cuticular water loss (CWL) are associated with greater resistance to desiccation (Parkash et al, 2008). Cuticular permeability can be modified via structural changes to the cuticle, such as melanisation (Hadley, 1978;Parkash et al, 2009aParkash et al, , 2009b, or through changes to the quantity and identity of cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) (Gibbs and Pomonis, 1995). It has been suggested that cuticular permeability can be reduced by increasing total amount, saturation, and chain length of CHCs (Gibbs and Pomonis, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid desiccation hardening changes the cuticular hydrocarbon profile of Drosophila melanogaster

Stinziano

Sové

Rundle

et al. 2015

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular &

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The success of insects in terrestrial environments is due in large part to their ability to resist desiccation stress. Since the majority of water is lost across the cuticle, a relatively water-impermeable cuticle is a major component of insect desiccation resistance. Cuticular permeability is affected by the properties and mixing effects of component hydrocarbons, and changes in cuticular hydrocarbons can affect desiccation tolerance. A pre-exposure to a mild desiccation stress increases duration of desiccation survival in adult female Drosophila melanogaster, via a decrease in cuticular permeability. To test whether this acute response to desiccation stress is due to a change in cuticular hydrocarbons, we treated male and female D. melanogaster to a rapid desiccation hardening (RDH) treatment and used gas chromatography to examine the effects on cuticular hydrocarbon composition. RDH led to reduced proportions of unsaturated and methylated hydrocarbons compared to controls in females, but although RDH modified the cuticular hydrocarbon profile in males, there was no coordinated pattern. These data suggest that the phenomenon of RDH leading to reduced cuticular water loss occurs via an acute change in cuticular hydrocarbons that enhances desiccation tolerance in female, but not male, D. melanogaster.

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“…Presence of melanism thickens the cuticle and acts as a barrier to evaporation through the cuticle. In this way, melanism increases desiccation resistance by reducing cuticular water loss (Parkash et al, 2009). Further, the thickness provided by melanisation also insulates flies from cold (Parkash et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Further, adaptations can be achieved by phenotypic plasticity (Bradshaw and Holzapfel, 2001). Desiccation resistance can be increased with phenotypic plasticity either of cuticular lipids (Parkash et al, 2008) or of melanisation (Parkash et al, 2009) under different environmental conditions. Presence of melanism thickens the cuticle and acts as a barrier to evaporation through the cuticle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invasion and adaptation of a warm adapted species to montane localities: effect of acclimation potential

Chahal

Kataria

Parkash

2013

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARYDrosophila ananassae has successfully invaded the cold and dry montane localities of the Western Himalayas in recent years. The ability of this desiccation-and cold-sensitive tropical species to evolve in response to seasonal changes in montane localities is largely unknown. Here, we investigated how this sensitive species adapt to seasonally varying environmental conditions that are lethal to its survival. We observed change in the frequency of dark and light morphs of D. ananassae in five mid-altitude localities during the last decade (2000-2010). We document invasion of D. ananassae to montane localities and increase in frequency of the dark morph. The stress tolerance of morphs (dark and light) remained unaffected of developmental acclimation. However, adult acclimation has shown significant effects on tolerance to various environmental stresses in morphs and effect of this acclimation persist for long durations. Desiccation and cold stress tolerance was increased after adult acclimation for respective stress in the dark morph; while tolerance of the light morph was not affected. Further, heat tolerance of the light morph was increased after adult heat acclimation with no influence on heat tolerance of the dark morph. Our results suggest a possible role of adult acclimation in successful invasion and adaptation of D. ananassae to montane localities. Future experiments should be carried out to determine whether the survival in adverse conditions of low versus high temperature and humidity during seasonal changes is assisted by different acclimation abilities of the two morphs of D. ananassae. Supplementary material available online at

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Impact of body melanisation on desiccation resistance in montane populations of D. melanogaster: Analysis of seasonal variation

Cited by 41 publications

References 42 publications

Contrasting strategies of resistance vs. tolerance to desiccation in two polar dipterans

Contrasting strategies of resistance vs. tolerance to desiccation in two polar dipterans

Rapid desiccation hardening changes the cuticular hydrocarbon profile of Drosophila melanogaster

Invasion and adaptation of a warm adapted species to montane localities: effect of acclimation potential

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