Impact of carbon paper structural parameters on the performance of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell cathode via lattice Boltzmann method

Nazemian, M.; Molaeimanesh, Gholam Reza

doi:10.1007/s10409-019-00919-1

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Based on the previous numerical simulation of the GDL and the structural parameters of the commercial GDL, ,,, the effects of carbon fiber diameter, porosity, and thickness on the mass transfer characteristics of the GDL were discussed. The reconstructed GDL structure parameters are listed in Table .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years, the LBM has been widely used in the study of hydrodynamic behavior in the GDL of PEMFCs with stochastic reconstruction due to its ease of simulating fluid flow through complex structures and ease of parallelizing a solution algorithm. − Nazemian and Molaeimanesh simulated the concentration distribution of oxygen and water vapor in the GDL with different structural parameters and the current density distribution on the catalyst layer surface through the LBM and found that the carbon paper GDL structure affects the mass transfer characteristics but there is a lack of research on the diffusion characteristics of the GDL. Gao et al studied the effect of porosity and thickness on GDL permeability, tortuosity, and fluid velocity distribution in GDL based on a stochastically reconstructed carbon cloth GDL through the LBM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Structural Parameters on Mass Transfer Characteristics in the Gas Diffusion Layer of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells Using the Lattice Boltzmann Method

Liao

Yang

et al. 2021

Energy Fuels

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The gas diffusion layer (GDL) is a key component to realize effective gas transport in the electrode of proton exchange membrane fuel cells. To study the effect of different structural parameters on the mass transfer characteristics of the GDL, a developed random reconstruction algorithm is proposed to generate three-dimensional (3D) GDLs with different structures, and the lattice Boltzmann method is used to simulate the flow behavior of reactant gases in the GDL. Through the calculation of the tortuosity and the comparison with the results reported in the references, the accuracy of the model in this paper is demonstrated. The outlet velocity and average velocity of the gas, the gas phase tortuosity, and diffusivity of the GDL are calculated by changing the structural parameters of carbon fiber diameter, porosity, and thickness. It is found that increasing the diameter of the carbon fiber from 7 to 9 μm can increase the reactant gas velocity but has little effect on the improvement of GDL diffusion characteristics. Increasing the porosity from 60 to 80% can significantly increase the reactant gas velocity and improve the diffusion characteristics of the GDL. Increasing the thickness from 112 to 280 μm, the reactant gas velocity is significantly reduced, and the diffusion characteristics of the GDL are weakened, but the change is not obvious. Finally, the influence of GDL structural parameters on electrical conductivity is discussed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Structural Parameters on Mass Transfer Characteristics in the Gas Diffusion Layer of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells Using the Lattice Boltzmann Method

Liao

Yang

et al. 2021

Energy Fuels

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“…Currently, there are experiments and numerical simulations to study the liquid water transport within GDLs. Since GDL is a complex porous medium composed of carbon paper or carbon cloth, experimental studies can only focus on the surface characteristics of GDL and are costly . Researchers mostly use low-cost and less restricted numerical simulation methods to study the liquid water transport within GDL, mainly including volume of fluid (VOF), − finite volume methods (FVM), , and lattice Boltzmann method (LBM). − The traditional macro continuum model can only describe some large-scale interface problems by consuming expensive computing resources, but it often loses a lot of interface information scattered in the whole flow field.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the Structure, Wettability, and Rib-Channel Width Ratio on Liquid Water Transport in Gas Diffusion Layer Using the Lattice Boltzmann Method

et al. 2021

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The gas diffusion layer (GDL) plays a key role in water management. The effects of the structure, wettability, and rib-channel width ratio on liquid water transport in GDL are studied using a multiphase lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) model. It is found that the liquid water in GDL shows capillary fingering behavior. With the increase of carbon fiber diameter or porosity, the water saturation in GDL increases, and the time for liquid water to break through GDL decreases. The porosity has a significant effect on the water saturation in GDL. The water saturation of GDL with a contact angle of 140° is less than that of GDL with a contact angle of 80°. The water saturation in GDL decreases as the rib-channel width ratio increases, while the rib-channel width ratio has little effect on the water saturation in the region of GDL away from the rib. Compared to the rib with a contact angle of 140°, the rib with a contact angle of 60° slightly reduced the water saturation in GDL, and the wettability of the rib has only a small effect on the water saturation in the region of GDL near the rib.

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“…In this study, the changes of carbon paper GDL microstructure due to the applied compression is modeled and taken into account. In another study, they investigated the role of carbon paper structural parameters (including fiber diameter, carbon paper thickness, and carbon paper porosity) on the performance of cathode electrodes [37]. The reactive flow of air through 2D cathodes of PEM fuel cell is reported by Ashorynejad et al in 2016, using LB simulations [38,39].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pore‐scale analysis of a PEM fuel cell cathode including carbon cloth gas diffusion layer by lattice Boltzmann method

Molaeimanesh

Dahmardeh

2021

Fuel Cells

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One of the parameters which can greatly affect (i.e., enhances or diminishes) the performance of a PEM fuel cell cathode is the GDL microstructure. In the present study, the role of carbon cloth GDL microstructure on the performance of a PEM fuel cell cathode is investigated, for the first time. In this regard, three carbon cloth GDLs with three different microstructures are reconstructed via merging bundles of carbon fibers with sinusoidal form; afterward, the passing reactive air through these GDLs is simulated at pore-scale using lattice Boltzmann approach. The distributions of oxygen and water vapor through the carbon cloths and the distribution of current density on the catalyst layers are presented and analyzed. The results show that when the carbon cloth bundles consist of more fibers (i.e., having larger cross-sections), the penetration of oxygen toward the catalyst layer is more difficult, and consequently, the average current density is smaller. Besides, the results reveal that the through-plane compactness of carbon cloth microstructure does not bring a significant effect on the distribution of current density and species.

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Impact of carbon paper structural parameters on the performance of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell cathode via lattice Boltzmann method

Cited by 18 publications

References 31 publications

Effect of Structural Parameters on Mass Transfer Characteristics in the Gas Diffusion Layer of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells Using the Lattice Boltzmann Method

Effect of Structural Parameters on Mass Transfer Characteristics in the Gas Diffusion Layer of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells Using the Lattice Boltzmann Method

Effects of the Structure, Wettability, and Rib-Channel Width Ratio on Liquid Water Transport in Gas Diffusion Layer Using the Lattice Boltzmann Method

Pore‐scale analysis of a PEM fuel cell cathode including carbon cloth gas diffusion layer by lattice Boltzmann method

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