Impact of cement dust on the mineral and energy concentration of Psidium guayava

Lal, Bechan; Ambasht, R. S.

doi:10.1016/0143-1471(82)90065-4

Cited by 22 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Pollutant stress may affect the whole-plant nutrient budget in case of both acidic and alkaline air pollutants. Although the sensitivity of plants to alkaline particulates is very different and its impacts described in the literature are contradictory, it is unanimously stated that deposition of alkaline dust or ashes on the underlying surface results in alkalisation of soil and input of excess nutrients into the ecosystem (Farmer 1993;Kaasik and Sõukand 2000;Świercz 2006), which complicates mineral nutrition processes of plants (Lal and Ambasht 1982;Marschner 2002). In any case, the response of tree species to alkaline dust depends on several species-specific peculiarities, pollution load and its chemical characteristics, climatic conditions etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Yet problems of forest damages caused by alkaline dusts or fly ashes are not completely understood and interpreted. Many authors have found deviations in plant metabolism and physiology (Lal and Ambasht 1982;Klõšeiko 2003) and in growth and bioproduction (Jäger 1980;Ots 2002) caused by alkaline dust deposition. In conifers, an increase in the lignin content in needles but a decrease in the level of soluble sugars in stems and roots were found (Mandre et al 1999;Mandre 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Vertical gradients of mineral elements in Pinus sylvestris crown in alkalised soil

Mandre

2008

Environ Monit Assess

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Alkalisation of soil has been assumed to be the principal cause of changes in vertical gradients of nutrients in Pinus sylvestris crown. The long-term influence of alkaline dust pollution (pHH2O 12.3-12.6) emitted from a cement plant on the element composition of soil and needles of Scots pine in different canopy layers was studied. In the polluted area, the pH of soils was >7, and high amounts of Ca, K and Mg were measured in the upper layers of soil (0-30 cm), while the mobility and solubility of some contaminants have decreased, nutrition processes have become complicated, and imbalance of mineral composition of trees was revealed. Reduced N and increased K, Ca and Mg concentrations in needles were observed in the heavily polluted area. Vertical gradients of elements and their ratios in canopies varied depending on the alkalisation level of soil. Needles on the upper-crown shoots had higher concentrations of N, C, Ca and Mg and lower concentrations of P and K compared to the lower layer of the crown. In the unpolluted area, higher concentrations of N, P, K and Ca were found in lower-crown needles and of C and Mg in needles at the top of the canopy. The P/N ratio below 0.125 indicated P deficiency in pines. The ratios N/Ca, N/Mg and N/K had significantly decreased, while the ratios Ca/Mg, K/Mg and K/Ca had a tendency to increase in heavily polluted sample plots. Magnitude of changes of element ratios indicates on the disbalances of availability and translocation of nutrients in the crown of trees.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Vertical gradients of mineral elements in Pinus sylvestris crown in alkalised soil

Mandre

2008

Environ Monit Assess

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“…At the same time, research into the impact of different types of alkaline air pollution on forests has failed to attract as much attention as that of acid rain, SO 2 , NO x or O 3 . Many authors have found serious deviations in plant metabolism and physiology (Auclair 1977;Lal and Ambasht 1982;Mandre 1995a, b;Klõšeiko 2003;Skuodene 2005) as well as in growth and productivity (Gluch 1980;Jäger 1980;Rauk 1995;Ots 2002) caused by alkaline dust pollution and alkalisation of the environment. However, no information is available on the effect of alkalisation of the environment and of alkaline dust pollution on the structure and mechanical and physical properties of stemwood, although it is known that growth conditions have a very strong impact on the structure and properties of wood (Nekrassova 1994;Lindeberg 2001;Wodzicki 2001;.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) wood properties in an alkaline air pollution environment

Kask

Ots

Mandre

et al. 2008

Trees

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This paper examines the long-term influence on pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) wood properties of alkaline dust pollution (pH 12.3-12.7) emitted over 135 years from a cement plant in Estonia. A study of stemwood physical and mechanical properties in 70-80-year-old Scots pines growing in three zones of different air pollution levels showed serious deviations in comparison with a relatively healthy forest in an unpolluted area. Specimens from polluted trees evidenced smaller sapwood annual ring widths than those from the control trees. At the same time, the number of growth rings in sapwood at breast height increased under pollution. In the polluted areas, percentage of latewood in the annual ring widths was higher than in the unpolluted area. Small amounts of cement dust, which contains elements essential for the mineral nutrition of the trees, might have acted as fertilizer. Pine wood in the polluted stands exhibited increased density, bending strength across the grain, compression strength along the grain and, in some instances, hardness along the grain.

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“…Entre elas, são citadas alterações morfológicas da folha, como rachadura, escamação e murcha (SINGH; RAO, 1980;UMA et al, 1994), alterações fisiológicas, como queda na taxa de transpiração estomática e cuticular (SINGH; RAO, 1981;TUULMETS, 1997), alterações anatômicas, como diminuição da densidade estomática (PRASAD; INAMDAR, 1990a;INAMDAR, 1990b;SIBAK;GULYAS, 1990;PANES;ZAMORA, 1991) e alterações enzimáticas, como queda da atividade da enzima catalase (BORKA, 1980;ISMAIL;AHMED, 1984;MIGAHID;EL-DARIER, 1995) e da concentração de clorofila (CZAJA, citado por MANDRE; TUULMETS, 1997;LERMAN, 1974;UMA et al, 1994). Redução do processo fotossintético também é relatada na literatura (LAL; AMBASHT, 1982). Como consequência dessa queda, o processo metabólico subsequente (formação de compostos orgânicos ricos em energia, tais como proteínas, gorduras e óleos) também se torna menor.…”

unclassified

“…Em termos nutricionais, Lal;Ambasht (1982) observaram que as concentrações de Ca, K, Na e P foram aumentados nas folhas de Psidium guayava L. (Myrtaceae) cobertas pela poeira de cimento, quando comparadas com folhas limpas. Os autores comentam que, após o pico máximo de concentração, tanto nas folhas cobertas pela poeira quanto nas limpas, a concentração começou a declinar, mas essa redução foi muito mais lenta nas folhas poluídas.…”

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CRESCIMENTO, TEORES DE CLOROFILA E DE BIOELEMENTOS EM INDIVÍDUOS JOVENS DE Schinus terebinthifolius EXPOSTOS À POEIRA DE CIMENTO

Bujokas¹,

Martins²,

Marques³

2010

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ResumoO objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da poeira de cimento no crescimento, nos teores de clorofila e de bioelementos em Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi (Anacardiaceae). Para tanto, dois grupos de plantas com 12 meses de idade foram selecionados, um para controle e o outro para ser submetido à poeira de cimento. Um total de 900g de poeira foi pulverizado durante cinco meses, em duas aplicações semanais. Em ambos os grupos de plantas foram realizadas avaliações visuais periódicas para detecção de possíveis anomalias. Foram avaliados também o crescimento em altura, a área foliar, as massas fresca e seca das folhas, a composição química das folhas e a concentração de clorofila. As plantas pulverizadas apresentaram sintomas de clorose, seguida de necrose nos ápices foliolares e queda das folhas, além de tortuosidade nos caules. Mostraram também aumento significativo nos teores de clorofilas a, b e total, bem como de macro, micronutrientes, Al e Na, principalmente nas folhas que não passaram pelo processo de lavagem antes da realização das análises. As massas fresca e seca das folhas foram menores nos indivíduos pulverizados. Os resultados indicam que a espécie utilizada apresenta sensibilidade à contaminação com poeira de cimento, podendo ser usada em estudos de biomonitoramento. Palavras-chave: Aroeira-vermelha; poluição, nutrição florestal; biomonitoramento ativo. AbstractGrowth, chlorophyll and bio-elements concentration in seedlings of Schinus terebinthifolius exposed to cement dust. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of cement dust on the growth, chlorophyll and bio-elements concentrations in Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi (Anacardiaceae). Two groups of seedlings 12 months-old were selected, one used as a control and the other to be treated with cement dust. A total of 900g of dust was pulverized during five months, twice a week. For both groups of plants periodical visual observations were made to detect possible anomalies. Evaluations of height growth, foliar area, foliar fresh and dry weight, chemical composition of leaves and chlorophyll concentration were also performed. The plants treated with dust presented yellowish leaves, which subsequently became necrotic and felt down. The stems of plants showed disturbance in growth becoming tortuous. The dusted plants also showed significant increase in the concentrations of chlorophylls a, b and total, as well as in macro and micronutrients, Al and Na, mainly in the leaves not rinsed before analysis. Fresh and dry leaves weights were smaller in the dusted plants than in the control ones. The results indicate this species as useful for bio-monitoring studies because of its sensitivity to cement dust contamination. Keywords: Brazilian pepper tree; pollution, forest nutrition; active bio-monitoring. INTRODUÇÃOProgramas de monitoramento ambiental apresentam como principal objetivo a seleção do método mais apropriado para avaliar os níveis de contaminação por substâncias tóxicas em relação aos padrões da qualidade do ar e da água. A utilizaçã...

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Impact of cement dust on the mineral and energy concentration of Psidium guayava

Cited by 22 publications

References 6 publications

Vertical gradients of mineral elements in Pinus sylvestris crown in alkalised soil

Vertical gradients of mineral elements in Pinus sylvestris crown in alkalised soil

Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) wood properties in an alkaline air pollution environment

CRESCIMENTO, TEORES DE CLOROFILA E DE BIOELEMENTOS EM INDIVÍDUOS JOVENS DE Schinus terebinthifolius EXPOSTOS À POEIRA DE CIMENTO

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