Impact of certain endophytic fungi as biocontrol agents against sesame wilt disease

Hegazy, M. G. A.; Shazly, A. M. El; Mohamed, Abdullah Sani; Hassan, M. A.

doi:10.21608/aasj.2019.25059.1021

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The disease severity (%) dramatically decreased after the application of fungal culture filtrates, and plant growth metrics enhanced. These outcomes are consistent with those attained by Hegazy, et al 47 in sesame plants and Herrera-Téllez, et al 48 in tomato plants. Also, inhibition of mycelial growth by cultural filtrates of various bioagents 49 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Biocontrol agent of root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica and root-rot fungi, Fusarium solani in okra morphological, anatomical characteristics and productivity under greenhouse conditions

Ali

Abdel-Mageed

Hegazy

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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This study was conducted to evaluate the ability of some fungal culture filtrate, as biocontrol agents against okra wilt caused by Fusariumsolani. and Meloidogynejavanica. In the present study, fungal culture filtrates (FCFs) of Aspergillusterreus (1), Aspergillusterreus (2), Penicilliumchrysogenum, and Trichoderma spp. were tested against M.javanica in vitro. The effects of P.chrysogenum and Trichoderma spp. (FCFs) in controlling root-rot fungi and root-knot nematode disease complex on okra plants were studied under greenhouse conditions (In vivo). In vitro experiment, the results revealed cumulative rate of J2s mortality of M.javanica reached to 97.67 and 95% by P.chrysogenum and Trichoderma spp., respectively, after 72 h. incubation. Additionally, Trichoderma spp exhibited the most effective inhibitory activity against the pathogen's radial growth, with a percentage of 68%. P.chrysogenum ranked second with 53.88%, while A.terreus (2) demonstrated the weakest inhibitory effect of 24.11%. T6 [Nematode infection (M.javanica) + Fungus infection (F.solani) + Overflowed with fungal culture filtrate (P.chrysogenum)] and T8 [Nematode infection (M.javanica) + Fungus infection (F.solani) + spray with fungal culture filtrate (P.chrysogenum)] had the greatest effects on nematode galling indices on okra roots and substantially reduced the reproductive factors in the greenhouse (In vivo experiment). T6 was the best treatment to decrease disease severity, as reached (28%) relatively. On the other hand, T12 [(Fungus infection (F.solani) + (Dovex 50% fungicide with irrigation water)] recorded the lowest disease severity reaching (8%) relatively. The results showed that nematode infection or fungus infection or both decreased all studied anatomical characteristics of okra root, stem, and leaves. We concluded from this study that root-knot nematode and root-rot fungi were reduced by using fungal culture filtrates and could improve plant growth.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Biocontrol agent of root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica and root-rot fungi, Fusarium solani in okra morphological, anatomical characteristics and productivity under greenhouse conditions

Ali

Abdel-Mageed

Hegazy

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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“…A prior study isolated A. terreus from various plants that have antibacterial and antifungal activity [ 47 ]. Another study used endophytic A. terreus fungus for biocontrol of sesame wilt disease, pythium-induced damping-off of cucumber [ 48 ], and okra-rot-causing Cochliobolus spicifer-CSN-20 [ 49 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Role of Endophytic Aspergillus terreus in Biocontrol of Rhizoctonia solani Causing Damping-off Disease of Phaseolus vulgaris and Vicia faba

et al. 2023

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The wide spread of plant pathogens affects the whole world, threatening national food security. Various fungi including Rhizoctonia solani induce the fungal disease damping-off that negatively affects plant seedlings’ growth. Recently, endophytic fungi are used as safe alternatives to chemical pesticides that harm plant and human health. Here, an endophytic Aspergillus terreus was isolated from Phaseolus vulgaris seeds to control damping-off diseases by improving the defense system in Phaseolus vulgaris and Vicia faba seedlings. Endophytic fungus was morphologically and genetically identified Aspergillus terreus, and it is deposited in GeneBank under accession OQ338187. A. terreus demonstrated antifungal efficacy against R. solani with an inhibition zone at 22.0 mm. Moreover, the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of ethyl acetate extract (EAE) of A. terreus were between 0.3125 and 0.625 mg/mL to inhibit R. solani growth. Precisely 58.34% of the Vicia faba plants survived when A. terreus was added compared with the untreated infected (16.67%). Similarly, Phaseolus vulgaris achieved 41.67% compared to the infected (8.33%). Both groups of treated infected plants showed reduced oxidative damage (reduced Malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide levels) as compared to untreated infected plants. Reduced oxidative damage was correlated with the increase in photosynthetic pigments and the antioxidant defense system including polyphenol oxidase, peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase enzyme activities. Overall, the endophytic A. terreus can be considered an effective tool to control the suppression of Rhizoctonia solani in legumes, especially Phaseolus vulgaris and Vicia faba, as an alternative to synthetic chemical pesticides that harm the environment and human health.

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“…A previous study isolated A. terreus from different plants, which can be used as antibacterial and antifungal agents (Hashem et al 2022 ). Endophytic A. terreus fungus was used previously for bio-control of sesame wilt disease (Hegazy et al 2019 ), Pythium-induced damping-off of cucumber (Halo et al 2018 ) and okra-rot-causing Cochliobolus spicifer -CSN-20 (Abdel-Motaal et al 2022 ). In our study, endophytic A. terreus was used for bio-controlling of A. solani which causes early blight disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biocontrol of early blight disease of eggplant using endophytic Aspergillus terreus: improving plant immunological, physiological and antifungal activities

et al. 2022

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Background The eggplant suffers from many biotic stresses that cause severe damage to crop production. One of the most destructive eggplant pathogens is Alternaria solani, which causes early blight disease. A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the role of fungal endophytes in protecting eggplant against early blight as well as in improving its growth performance. Results Endophytic Aspergillus terreus was isolated from Ocimum basilicum leaves and identified morphologically and genetically. In vitro, crude extract of endophytic A. terreus exhibited promising antifungal activity against A. solani where minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was 1.25 mg/ml. Severity of the disease and rate of protection from the disease were recorded. Vegetative growth indices, physiological resistance signs (photosynthetic pigments, carbohydrates, proteins, phenols, proline, malondialdehyde (MDA), antioxidant enzymes), and isozymes were estimated. Alternaria solani caused a highly disease severity (87.5%) and a noticeable decreasing in growth characteristics and photosynthetic pigments except for carotenoids. Also, infection with A. solani caused significant decreases in the contents of carbohydrate and protein by 29.94% and 10.52%, respectively. Infection with A. solani caused enhancement in phenolics (77.21%), free proline (30.56%), malondialdehyde (30.26%), superoxide dismutase (SOD) (125.47%), catalase (CAT) (125.93%), peroxidase (POD) (25.07%) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) (125.37%) compared to healthy plants. In contrast, the use of A. terreus on infected plants succeeded in recovering eggplants from the disease, as the disease severity was recorded (caused protection by 66.67%). Application of A. terreus either on healthy or infected eggplants showed several responses in number and density of peroxidase (POD) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) isozymes. Conclusion It is necessary for us to address the remarkable improvement in the photosynthetic pigments, protein, carbohydrates, and enzymatic activity compared to infected control, which opens the way for more studies on the use of biocides as safe alternatives against fungal diseases.

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Impact of certain endophytic fungi as biocontrol agents against sesame wilt disease

Cited by 5 publications

References 17 publications

Biocontrol agent of root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica and root-rot fungi, Fusarium solani in okra morphological, anatomical characteristics and productivity under greenhouse conditions

Biocontrol agent of root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica and root-rot fungi, Fusarium solani in okra morphological, anatomical characteristics and productivity under greenhouse conditions

Efficient Role of Endophytic Aspergillus terreus in Biocontrol of Rhizoctonia solani Causing Damping-off Disease of Phaseolus vulgaris and Vicia faba

Biocontrol of early blight disease of eggplant using endophytic Aspergillus terreus: improving plant immunological, physiological and antifungal activities

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