Impact of cigarette smoking on the plasma fatty acid profile and their interaction in determining the burden of subclinical atherosclerosis

Baldassarre, Damiano; Amato, Mauro; Frigerio, B.; Ghezzi, Silvia; Colombo, Claudio; Castelnuovo, S.; Ravani, A.; Sansaro, Daniela; Tremoli, Elena; Sirtori, Cesare R.; Risé, Patrizia; Galli, Cláudio

doi:10.1007/s13749-014-0047-9

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Finally, we show that smoking had a strong effect on the plasma lipidome. Our observations of negative associations with lipids containing polyunsaturated fatty acids, particularly omega-3 species such as DHA (C22:6), and positive association with saturated or monounsaturated species agree with previous reports [83,84]. Smoking modulates essential fatty acid metabolism and results in a reduction of polyunsaturated fatty acid levels through depletion of antioxidants and subsequent increase in lipid peroxidation [85].…”

Section: The Association Of Bmi and Smoking With The Plasma Lipidomesupporting

confidence: 92%

High-coverage plasma lipidomics reveals novel sex-specific lipidomic fingerprints of age and BMI: Evidence from two large population cohort studies

et al. 2020

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Obesity and related metabolic diseases show clear sex-related differences. The growing burden of these diseases calls for better understanding of the age-and sex-related metabolic consequences. High-throughput lipidomic analyses of population-based cohorts offer an opportunity to identify disease-risk-associated biomarkers and to improve our understanding of lipid metabolism and biology at a population level. Here, we comprehensively examined the relationship between lipid classes/subclasses and molecular species with age, sex, and body mass index (BMI). Furthermore, we evaluated sex specificity in the association of the plasma lipidome with age and BMI. Some 747 targeted lipid measures, representing 706 molecular lipid species across 36 classes/subclasses, were measured using a high-performance liquid chromatography coupled mass spectrometer on a total of 10,339 participants from the Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle Study (AusDiab), with 563 lipid species being validated externally on 4,207 participants of the Busselton Health Study (BHS). Heat maps were constructed to visualise the relative differences in lipidomic profile between men and women. Multivariable linear regression analyses, including sex-interaction terms, were performed to assess the associations of lipid species with cardiometabolic phenotypes. Associations with age and sex were found for 472 (66.9%) and 583 (82.6%) lipid species, respectively. We further demonstrated that age-associated lipidomic fingerprints differed by sex. Specific classes of ether-phospholipids and lysophospholipids (calculated as the sum composition of the species within the class) were inversely associated with age in men only. In analyses with women alone, higher triacylglycerol and lower lysoalkylphosphatidylcholine species were observed among postmenopausal women compared

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Section: The Association Of Bmi and Smoking With The Plasma Lipidomesupporting

confidence: 92%

High-coverage plasma lipidomics reveals novel sex-specific lipidomic fingerprints of age and BMI: Evidence from two large population cohort studies

et al. 2020

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“…These results confirm recent findings in the omega-3 index in erythrocyte or in total n-3 in serum fatty acid [12][13][14][15]17,53]. This influence is possibly caused by the adverse effect of smoking on the conversion process of ALA to DHA [54,55]. This link with DHA and n-3 was not observed in T3, probably by the mechanism of transferring DHA maternal stores to foetus.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…This link with DHA and n-3 was not observed in T3, probably by the mechanism of transferring DHA maternal stores to foetus. However, it was shown that smoking increased the n-6/n-3 ratio, which suggests that smoking could affect the fatty acid profile some another way since it might alter the conversion rate of n-6 to eicosanoids, such as prostaglandin E2 [55,56]. This shows an anti-inflammatory effect and has a crucial role in the regulation of delivery [57].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Factors Associated with Levels of Fatty Acids, Specifically n-3 PUFA during Pregnancy: ECLIPSES Study

et al. 2021

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An optimal fatty acid (FA) profile during pregnancy, especially docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), is essential for the health of the mother and child. Our aim was to identify the socioeconomic and maternal lifestyle factors associated with serum FA concentration in pregnant women. A longitudinal study was conducted on 479 pregnant women, who were assessed during the first (T1) and third (T3) trimesters of pregnancy. Data on maternal characteristics, food consumption, and lifestyle were collected. Serum FA concentrations were analysed by a gas chromatography–mass spectrometry combination. The multiple linear regression showed that high educational level and older age were significantly associated with higher EPA and DHA concentrations and lower values of n-6/n-3 and arachidonic acid (AA)/EPA in T1 and/or T3. Regarding diet—fish and seafood consumption increased EPA concentration and reduced n-6/n-3 and AA/EPA values in both trimesters, whereas its consumption increased DHA concentration only in T1. Smoking was associated with lower DHA concentration in T1 and higher values of n-6/n-3 ratio in both trimester. Overweight and obesity were associated with higher values of n-6/n-3 ratio and AA/EPA ratio in T1. A statistically non-significant association was observed with saturated fatty acids (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA). In conclusion, high educational levels, older age, fish, seafood consumption, and/or non-smoking, are factors that influence better omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) profile in both trimesters of pregnancy. Further research is needed to go in-depth into these findings and their health consequences.

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“…Smoke exposure has been shown to increase FA oxidation through reduced levels of circulating polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) along with other inflammatory processes . Baldassarre et al outlined the mechanism of smoking‐induced changes of plasma FA that consequently enhanced peroxidative processes. It has been postulated that an increase in smoke exposure increases FA levels in cellular cytosol, resulting in protection against lipotoxicity.…”

Section: Metabolomic‐driven Discovery Of Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been postulated that an increase in smoke exposure increases FA levels in cellular cytosol, resulting in protection against lipotoxicity. Conversely, impaired carnitine metabolism in COPD can cause accumulation of FA in the cytosol which can also lead to lipotoxicity . Metabolomics in COPD provides insight into the pathogenesis of the disease with alterations in sphingolipid metabolism and changes in lipids during increased oxidant stress.…”

Section: Metabolomic‐driven Discovery Of Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolomics in chronic lung diseases

et al. 2019

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Chronic lung diseases represent a significant global burden. Their increasing incidence and complexity render a comprehensive, multidisciplinary and personalized approach to each patient, critically important. Most recently, unique biochemical pathways and disease markers have been identified through large‐scale metabolomic studies. Metabolomics is the study of metabolic pathways and the measurement of unique biomolecules in a living system. Analysing samples from different compartments such as bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and plasma has proven useful for the characterization of a number of pathological conditions and offers promise as a clinical tool. For example, several studies using mass spectrometry (MS) have shown alterations in the sphingolipid metabolism of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) sufferers. In this article, we present a practical review of the application of metabolomics to the study of chronic lung diseases (CLD): COPD, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and asthma. The insights, which the analytical strategies employed in metabolomics, have provided to the dissection of the biochemistry of CLD and future clinical biomarkers are explored.

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Impact of cigarette smoking on the plasma fatty acid profile and their interaction in determining the burden of subclinical atherosclerosis

Cited by 7 publications

References 37 publications

High-coverage plasma lipidomics reveals novel sex-specific lipidomic fingerprints of age and BMI: Evidence from two large population cohort studies

High-coverage plasma lipidomics reveals novel sex-specific lipidomic fingerprints of age and BMI: Evidence from two large population cohort studies

Maternal Factors Associated with Levels of Fatty Acids, Specifically n-3 PUFA during Pregnancy: ECLIPSES Study

Metabolomics in chronic lung diseases

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