Impact of climate on juvenile mortality and <i>Armillaria</i> root disease in lodgepole pine

Dempster, W. R.

doi:10.5558/tfc2017-021

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Trees suffering physiological drought stress can be impaired in their ability to effectively produce such defences (Kolb et al 2016) recording period mirroring region-wide summer droughts (NOAA 2003(NOAA , 2007. Dempster (2017) remarked that incidence of A. ostoyae and mortality of juvenile lodgepole pine were related to increases in potential evapotranspiration with the proportion of infected trees corresponding to higher summer heat-moisture index values in addition to other climate variables. Morrison (2011) noted peaks in mortality of infected trees immediately following drought years but did not investigate any potential relationship.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate, radial growth, and mortality associated with conifer regeneration infected by root disease (Armillaria ostoyae)

Murray

Leslie²

2021

The Forestry Chronicle

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Tree root disease caused by the pathogen Armillaria ostoyae (Romagn.) Herink has notable influence on bio-economic systems of southern British Columbia (BC) and the northwestern United States. Annual radial growth and mortality trends of regeneration associated with A. ostoyae during the first 21 years of a plantation were investigated. Our dendrochronological approach focused on a plantation established in 1991 with Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco), western larch (Larix occidentalis Nutt.), and lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud. var. latifolia Engelm. ex S. Wats.). We examined tree rings for reduced growth onset (RGO) to estimate infection periods. Among trees studied, we found that the number of RGO events peaked in 2006 followed by a steady decline in frequency. A similar trend was seen in annual mortality rates which reached maximum values in 2007 followed by an uninterrupted decrease. The average number of years from RGO to death based on host species ranged from 2.3 to 3.6 years. According to on logistic regression modeling, values associated with drought codes and duff moisture codes were significant in determining the year of death for infected trees. The predicted increase in frequency of summer droughts may lead to elevated mortality associated with A. ostoyae in young plantations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate, radial growth, and mortality associated with conifer regeneration infected by root disease (Armillaria ostoyae)

Murray

Leslie²

2021

The Forestry Chronicle

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“…In the case of Armillaria ssp., one of the most destructive pathogens in European forests, CC is also expected to increase their activity and modify the growth of rhizomorphs, which increases the susceptibility of trees to these pathogens. In this case, a warmer and drier climate will be more beneficial for it [188,191,192]. As with insects, the migration of pathogens toward new regions with suitable climate conditions can contribute to increased forest damage.…”

Section: Disturbances and Extremes-climate Plaguesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive Silviculture and Climate Change—A Forced Marriage of the 21st Century?

Szmyt,

Dering

2024

Sustainability

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Climatic changes significantly impact forest ecosystems, inevitably affecting forestry and forest-related industry. Considering that most forests are actively managed, there is a need to define the future risks and set a strategy for forestry and silviculture in a changing world. This review provides insight into the new challenges and opportunities forest management and silviculture face in the coming decades. There is sound recognition of risk factors expected from climate change, yet great uncertainty exists in the predictions of the response of forests to new conditions. Additionally, the stakeholders’ interests in the goods and services offered by forests are changing, and this also needs to be taken into account in future forest management. Undoubtedly, the goal of future forestry and silviculture in the 21st century will be primarily to ensure the continuity and sustainability of the forest. Sustainable use of goods and ecosystem services from forests will be directly related to the continuity and sustainability of the forest in the future. Adaptive forest management aims to promote the adaptive capacity of forests to new conditions resulting from climate change. If adaptation efforts are effective, adaptive forest management should be a kind of risk management. There is no one-fits-all strategy for adaptation to uncertain future conditions. Silviculture in the 21st century is expected to be more conducive to adapting forests to changes. Operational silvicultural activities should focus on ensuring the resilience and adaptation of forests to future environmental conditions. Modern silviculture offers activities that fall within the scope of contemporary close-to-nature silviculture practices. However, some of the currently applied practices will require review and modification to be applicable under new conditions. This review also identifies the need to fill knowledge gaps in order to develop more effective and flexible adaptation strategies to foster sustainable forest development and, thus, sustainable forestry.

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“…They found that such thinning intensity significantly improved radial growth recovery after drought events, but it scarcely affected the resistance to drought-induced mortality. In the case of >40% basal area removal, if the crown size is allowed to increase in the case of a single heavy thinning intervention or because of very late and light multiple thinnings, then the initial positive effects on drought can even be reversed as the stand matures [42,142,143]. In the forestry context of Alberta, removing more than 40% of a stand's basal area during treatment is not recommended because of increased blowdown risk.…”

Section: Drought Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Lodgepole Pine and White Spruce Thinning in Alberta―A Review of North American and European Best Practices

Baah-Acheamfour

Schoonmaker

Dewey

et al. 2023

Land

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A significant portion of the harvested land base in western Canada is becoming old enough or entering a phase where thinning is a legitimate forest management option. A comprehensive review of the existing knowledge of commercial thinning (CT) treatments applied to pine and spruce-dominated stands in Alberta was conducted, with particular regard to the intensity, timing of interventions, method, and impacts on crop tree growth responses. Although the geographical focus of this review is Alberta, information on this topic is more complete in other areas of North America and Europe, where there is a long history of density management. In areas of eastern North America, our review revealed that CT from below, with tree removal levels from 27 to 43% of the basal area, could increase total merchantable wood produced from 11 to 60 m3 ha−1 over a rotation, depending on stand age and intensity of thinning. For Alberta conditions, and considering the risks, we conclude that commercial thinning basal area removal should be in the range of 25 to 40%, depending on a variety of factors such as species, wind firmness, and insect or disease incidence and risk. Thinning too aggressively and/or too late will increase the blowdown risk but the literature is fairly consistent in suggesting that live crown ratios should be >40% to maximize the chance of growth response and minimize the blowdown risk. In cases where stands are also threatened by stressors such as drought, wind, and insect or disease outbreaks, CT treatments likely offer the potential at limiting the overall risk, but localized knowledge and experience are critical. It is intended that the information presented may support ongoing and future research trials and growth and yield (G&Y) model development about potential CT treatments to apply and the likely results of practical application to commercial forestry.

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Impact of climate on juvenile mortality and Armillaria root disease in lodgepole pine

Cited by 9 publications

References 28 publications

Climate, radial growth, and mortality associated with conifer regeneration infected by root disease (Armillaria ostoyae)

Climate, radial growth, and mortality associated with conifer regeneration infected by root disease (Armillaria ostoyae)

Adaptive Silviculture and Climate Change—A Forced Marriage of the 21st Century?

Lodgepole Pine and White Spruce Thinning in Alberta―A Review of North American and European Best Practices

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