Impact of Contextual Environmental Mechanisms on the Incidence of Schizophrenia and Other Psychoses

Kirkbride, James

doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-0913-8_4

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 116 publications

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“…A substantial literature support that where you live, over and above individual characteristics, shape individual health and health inequalities among populations (Steptoe, 2012;Berger, 2019;Kirkbride et al, 2010;Iyer, 2022;Pollitt, 2007;Sullivan, 2019). However, our results cast doubt on research that has implicated neighbourhood determinants in inflammation and neuroendocrine processes without consideration being given to individual effects in the study design.…”

Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 53%

“…Extant literature supports that deprived populations are disproportionately exposed to environments characterised as pro-inflammatory (Ribeiro et al, 2018). Although compositional factors have been shown to predict facility in inflammatory and neuroendocrine states (Muscatell et al, 2020), it is conceivable that contextual determinants are more proximal risk factors (Kirkbride et al, 2010). Such that health and disease are predominately shaped by social and spatial context.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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#2- Socioeconomic determinants of inflammation and neuroendocrine activity: A longitudinal analysis of compositional and contextual effects

Hamilton,

Steptoe

2024

Psychoneuroendocrinology

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Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 53%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

#2- Socioeconomic determinants of inflammation and neuroendocrine activity: A longitudinal analysis of compositional and contextual effects

Hamilton,

Steptoe

2024

Psychoneuroendocrinology

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The Impact of Social Deprivation on Paranoia, Hallucinations, Mania and Depression: The Role of Discrimination Social Support, Stress and Trust

et al. 2014

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The negative implications of living in a socially unequal society are now well documented. However, there is poor understanding of the pathways from specific environmental risk to symptoms. Here we examine the associations between social deprivation, depression, and psychotic symptoms using the 2007 Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey, a cross-sectional dataset including 7,353 individuals. In addition we looked at the mediating role of stress, discrimination, trust and lack of social support. We found that the participants' neighbourhood index of multiple deprivation (IMD) significantly predicted psychosis and depression. On inspection of specific psychotic symptoms, IMD predicted paranoia, but not hallucinations or hypomania. Stress and trust partially mediated the relationship between IMD and paranoid ideation. Stress, trust and a lack of social support fully mediated the relationship between IMD and depression. Future research should focus on the role deprivation and social inequalities plays in specific manifestations of psychopathology and investigate mechanisms to explain those associations that occur. Targeting the mediating mechanisms through appropriate psychological intervention may go some way to dampen the negative consequences of living in an unjust society; ameliorating economic injustice may improve population mental health.

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Socioeconomic Determinants of Inflammation and Neuroendocrine Activity: A Longitudinal Analysis of Compositional and Contextual Effects

Hamilton

Steptoe

2022

Preprint

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Socioeconomic determinants are well-established modulators of inflammation and neuroendocrine activity. Less clear is whether neighbourhood-contextual or individual-compositional factors are more closely associated with gradients in these biomarkers. Here, we examine how immune and neuroendocrine activity are cross-sectionally and longitudinally nested in meso-level socioeconomic characteristics. Participants, male and female, aged ≥ 50, were recruited from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA). Neighbourhood (Index of Multiple Deprivation [IMD]) and individual (Wealth/Education/Occupational Social Class [OSC]) factors were drawn from wave 4 (baseline; 2008). Immune and neuroendocrine biomarkers (indexed by C-reactive protein [CRP; n = 3,968]; fibrinogen ([Fb] n = 3,932); white blood cell counts [WBCC; n = 4,022]; insulin-like growth factor-1 [IGF-1; n = 4,056]) were measured at baseline and 4-years later (wave 6; 2012). Covariates at baseline included demographic, clinical, and lifestyle variables. Lower socioeconomic status was associated with heighted inflammation and lower neuroendocrine activity unadjusted both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. With few exceptions, cross-sectional associations remained significant after full adjustment. Prospectively, low IMD remained associated with higher CRP and WBCC; wealth with WBCC; and education and OSC with Fb and WBCC. IMD-biomarker associations were reduced when wealth was simultaneously taken into account. Lifestyle accounted for the greatest variance in associations between socioeconomic indicators and inflammation (≤ 42.11%), but demographics were more salient to neuroendocrine activity (≤ 88.46%). Neighbourhood-contextual factors were stronger indicators of aberrant biomarker activity than individual-compositional factors in cross-sectional analyses but were largely explained by wealth differences prospectively. Therefore, immune and neuroendocrine changes depended on the composition of the population living in an area, rather than the area itself.

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Impact of Contextual Environmental Mechanisms on the Incidence of Schizophrenia and Other Psychoses

Cited by 3 publications

References 116 publications

#2- Socioeconomic determinants of inflammation and neuroendocrine activity: A longitudinal analysis of compositional and contextual effects

#2- Socioeconomic determinants of inflammation and neuroendocrine activity: A longitudinal analysis of compositional and contextual effects

The Impact of Social Deprivation on Paranoia, Hallucinations, Mania and Depression: The Role of Discrimination Social Support, Stress and Trust

Socioeconomic Determinants of Inflammation and Neuroendocrine Activity: A Longitudinal Analysis of Compositional and Contextual Effects

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