Impact of copper oxide nanoparticles on the cerebral cortex of adult male albino rats and the potential protective role of crocin

Mowafy, Sarah Mohamed; Hegazy, Abdelmonem Awad; Mandour, Dalia A.; El-Fatah, Samaa Salah Abd

doi:10.1080/01913123.2021.1970660

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Regarding the cerebellar Purkinje cells, affections in this study were manifested as disruption of their linear arrangement as well as loss of their familiar flask-shaped appearance (distortion). The same observations were previously mentioned by Mowafy et al who administered 24 adult male albino rats CuO-NPs intraperitoneally at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg for 14 days. Purkinje cell disarrangement, however, results from neuronal disturbances, which in turn set off adaptive responses.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 81%

“…52 The investigation identified additional abnormalities, including anomalous enlargement of the perivascular spaces, pericellular spaces (specifically perineuronal and perineuroglaial), and spongiform vacuolation of the neuropil. These observations were in accommodation with the studies of Goma et al and Mowafy et al 17,18 The presence of pericellular spaces can be attributed to the impact on the cytoskeleton, resulting in the retraction of cellular processes and subsequent cellular shrinkage, ultimately leading to the formation of pericellular spaces. 46,53 This conclusion outlined neuronal demise and was associated with neuronal necrosis.…”

Section: Hippocampus (Ca3)supporting

confidence: 88%

“…The observed vascular changes can be attributed to the breakdown of the BBB caused by the small dimensions of the CuO-NPs, enabling their passage over the BBB. 18 Capillaries and venules with thin walls are vulnerable to experiencing mechanical damage due to disruption of the BBB, venous congestion, and impairment of tight junctions. 42 Cu-NPs have the potential to negatively impact the endothelial cells of the cerebral microvasculature, leading to an increase in the production of various proinflammatory mediators, including TNF-α, IL-1β, and vasodilators such as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2).…”

Section: Hippocampus (Ca3)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Group I rats were offered a balanced diet and purified water as negative controls. In Group II, rats were intraperitoneally administered CuO-NPs dissolved in saline (0.5 mg/kg body weight/day) using an insulin needle, according to Mowafy et al 18 Group III (Betaine plus CuO-NPs); rats received orally by a gavage needle betaine dissolved in saline (250 mg/kg body weight/day) according to Abdel-Daim and Abdellatief, 96 then 1 h later intraperitoneally injected with CuO-NPs (0.5 mg/kg body weight/day) by an insulin needle. Group IV (betaine); rats received only betaine orally by a gavage needle (250 mg/kg body weight/day).…”

Section: Preparation Routementioning

confidence: 99%

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Neuroprotective Assessment of Betaine against Copper Oxide Nanoparticle-Induced Neurotoxicity in the Brains of Albino Rats: A Histopathological, Neurochemical, and Molecular Investigation

Hashim,

Bashir,

Rashad

et al. 2024

ACS Chem. Neurosci.

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Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) are commonly used metal oxides. Betaine possesses antioxidant and neuroprotective activities. The current study aimed to investigate the neurotoxic effect of CuO-NPs on rats and the capability of betaine to mitigate neurotoxicity. Forty rats; 4 groups: group I a control, group II intraperitoneally CuO-NPs (0.5 mg/kg/day), group III orally betaine (250 mg/kg/day) and CuO-NPs, group IV orally betaine for 28 days. Rats were subjected to neurobehavioral assessments. Brain samples were processed for biochemical, molecular, histopathological, and immunohistochemical analyses. Behavioral performance of betaine demonstrated increasing locomotion and cognitive abilities. Group II exhibited significantly elevated malondialdehyde (MDA), overexpression of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Significant decrease in glutathione (GSH), and downregulation of acetylcholine esterase (AChE), nuclear factor erythroid 2-like protein 2 (Nrf-2), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Histopathological alterations; neuronal degeneration, pericellular spaces, and neuropillar vacuolation. Immunohistochemically, an intense immunoreactivity is observed against IL-1β and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Betaine partially neuroprotected against CuO-NPs associated alterations. A significant decrease at MDA, downregulation of IL-1β, and TNF-α, a significant increase at GSH, and upregulation of AChE, Nrf-2, and SOD. Histopathological alterations partially ameliorated. Immunohistochemical intensity of IL-1β and GFAP reduced. It is concluded that betaine neuroprotected against most of CuO-NP neurotoxic effects through antioxidant and cell redox system stimulating efficacy.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Hippocampus (Ca3)supporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Hippocampus (Ca3)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Preparation Routementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Neuroprotective Assessment of Betaine against Copper Oxide Nanoparticle-Induced Neurotoxicity in the Brains of Albino Rats: A Histopathological, Neurochemical, and Molecular Investigation

Hashim,

Bashir,

Rashad

et al. 2024

ACS Chem. Neurosci.

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“…The activities of SOD and Gpx were statistically reduced in rat hippocampi exposed to CuO NPs [ 44 ]. In the cerebral cortex of rats exposed to 0.5 mg/kg bw of CuO NPs, a significant decrease in Gpx activity was found [ 45 ]. An in vitro proteomic study showed that HSPA9 and HSPE1 were significantly downregulated, whereas HSPA8 and HSPA1A were upregulated in BEAS-2B cells exposed to CuO NPs for 24 h. Peroxiredoxin-2 and 6 were upregulated by 2.1- and 2.6-fold, respectively [ 9 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulmonary Toxicity and Proteomic Analysis in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluids and Lungs of Rats Exposed to Copper Oxide Nanoparticles

Kwon

Kim

Choi

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) were intratracheally instilled into lungs at concentrations of 0, 0.15, and 1.5 mg/kg bodyweight to 7-week-old Sprague–Dawley rats. The cytotoxicity, immunotoxicity, and oxidative stress were evaluated, followed by proteomic analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lungs of rats. The CuO NPs-exposed groups revealed dose-dependent increases in total cells, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, lactate dyhydrogenase, and total protein levels in BALF. Inflammatory cytokines, including macrophage inflammatory protein-2 and tumor necrosis factor-α, were increased in the CuO NPs-treated groups. The expression levels of catalase, glutathione peroxidase-1, and peroxiredoxin-2 were downregulated, whereas that of superoxide dismutase-2 was upregulated in the CuO NPs-exposed groups. Five heat shock proteins were downregulated in rats exposed to high concentrations of CuO NPs. In proteomic analysis, 17 proteins were upregulated or downregulated, and 6 proteins were validated via Western blot analysis. Significant upregulation of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase and fidgetin-like 1 and downregulation of annexin II, HSP 47 and proteasome α1 occurred in the CuO NPs exposed groups. Taken together, this study provides additional insight into pulmonary cytotoxicity and immunotoxicity as well as oxidative stress in rats exposed to CuO NPs. Proteomic analysis revealed potential toxicological biomarkers of CuO NPs, which also reveals the toxicity mechanisms of CuO NPs.

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The potential protective role of carotenoids from saffron: A focus on endoplasmic reticulum stress‐related organ damage

Mirzavi,

Rajabian,

Hosseini

2024

Food Science & Nutrition

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The anticancer, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties of carotenoids from saffron or apocarotenoids (e.g., crocin, safranal, crocetin, and picrocrocin) have prompted research into their benefits. Apocarotenoids seem to be effective compound for the treatment of chronic diseases, such as neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, cancer, respiratory, and metabolic disorders. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an essential organelle found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells that participates in the biosynthesis of proteins, lipids, and steroid hormones. Given the role of the ER in the regulation of several fundamental biological processes, including metabolic pathways and immune responses, aberrant ER function can have a significant influence on these vital processes and result in serious pathological consequences. Exposure of cell to adverse environmental challenges, such as toxic agents, ischemia, and so on, causes accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins in the ER lumen, also called ER stress. There is a growing evidence to suggest that ER disturbance in the form of oxidative/nitrosative stress and subsequent apoptotic cell death plays major roles in the pathogenesis of many human diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, neurodegenerative diseases, and liver diseases. Apocarotenoids with their unique properties can modulate ER stress through PERK/eIF2α/ATF4/CHOP (protein kinase R (PKR)‐like ER kinase/eukaryotic initiation factor 2α/activating transcription factor 4/C/EBP /homologous protein) and X‐Box Binding Protein 1/activating transcription factor 6 (XBP1/ATF6) pathways. In addition, they suppress apoptosis through inhibition of endoplasmic and mitochondrial‐dependent caspase cascade and can stimulate SIRT1 (silent information regulator 1) and Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2) expression, thereby leading to protection against oxidative stress. This review summarizes the potential benefits of apocarotenoids in various ER‐stress‐related disorders.

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Impact of copper oxide nanoparticles on the cerebral cortex of adult male albino rats and the potential protective role of crocin

Cited by 8 publications

References 35 publications

Neuroprotective Assessment of Betaine against Copper Oxide Nanoparticle-Induced Neurotoxicity in the Brains of Albino Rats: A Histopathological, Neurochemical, and Molecular Investigation

Neuroprotective Assessment of Betaine against Copper Oxide Nanoparticle-Induced Neurotoxicity in the Brains of Albino Rats: A Histopathological, Neurochemical, and Molecular Investigation

Pulmonary Toxicity and Proteomic Analysis in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluids and Lungs of Rats Exposed to Copper Oxide Nanoparticles

The potential protective role of carotenoids from saffron: A focus on endoplasmic reticulum stress‐related organ damage

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