Impact of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic on Cardiac Arrest and Emergency Care

Bharmal, Murtaza; DiGrande, Kyle; Patel, Akash; Shavelle, David M.; Bosson, Nichole

doi:10.1016/j.hfc.2022.08.009

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous research has shown that the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cardiac arrest can be categorized into direct and indirect effects ( 81 ). Direct factors include hypoxia induced by the respiratory disease itself, inflammatory reactions (cytokine storms, thrombosis, myocarditis, and arrhythmias), pulmonary embolism caused by thrombosis, acute coronary syndrome, and drug-induced arrhythmias ( 81–84 ). Suggested indirect factors include social lockdown and distancing measures, home quarantine, the reopening of the health care system, reduction of emergency testing and skills, overloading of the emergency and hospital systems, wearing of personal protective equipment, reduction in hospital staffing, delays in care, and more frequent situations of being at risk when alone ( 20 , 23 , 81 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Direct factors include hypoxia induced by the respiratory disease itself, inflammatory reactions (cytokine storms, thrombosis, myocarditis, and arrhythmias), pulmonary embolism caused by thrombosis, acute coronary syndrome, and drug-induced arrhythmias ( 81–84 ). Suggested indirect factors include social lockdown and distancing measures, home quarantine, the reopening of the health care system, reduction of emergency testing and skills, overloading of the emergency and hospital systems, wearing of personal protective equipment, reduction in hospital staffing, delays in care, and more frequent situations of being at risk when alone ( 20 , 23 , 81 ). These factors are closely related to the number of initial COVID-19 cases, and it can be assumed that the impact on the health system and OHCA was lower because the number of COVID-19 patients in Asia and the Republic of Korea was relatively low compared with Europe and North America during the initial pandemic period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Region-wise comparison of the data on survival analysis during the COVID-19 pandemic with before the pandemic. being at risk when alone(20,23,81). These factors are closely related to the number of initial COVID-19 cases, and it can be assumed that the impact on the health system and OHCA was lower because the number of COVID-19 patients in Asia and the Republic of Korea was relatively low compared with Europe and North America during the initial pandemic period.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Comparison of out-of-hospital cardiac arrests during the COVID-19 pandemic with those before the pandemic: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis

Kim

Ahn

Park

et al. 2023

Front. Public Health

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The coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, directly and indirectly, affected the emergency medical care system and resulted in worse out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) outcomes and epidemiological features compared with those before the pandemic. This review compares the regional and temporal features of OHCA prognosis and epidemiological characteristics. Various databases were searched to compare the OHCA outcomes and epidemiological characteristics during the COVID-19 pandemic with before the pandemic. During the COVID-19 pandemic, survival and favorable neurological outcome rates were significantly lower than before. Survival to hospitalization, return of spontaneous circulation, endotracheal intubation, and use of an automated external defibrillator (AED) decreased significantly, whereas the use of a supraglottic airway device, the incidence of cardiac arrest at home, and response time of emergency medical service (EMS) increased significantly. Bystander CPR, unwitnessed cardiac arrest, EMS transfer time, use of mechanical CPR, and in-hospital target temperature management did not differ significantly. A subgroup analysis of the studies that included only the first wave with those that included the subsequent waves revealed the overall outcomes in which the epidemiological features of OHCA exhibited similar patterns. No significant regional differences between the OHCA survival rates in Asia before and during the pandemic were observed, although other variables varied by region. The COVID-19 pandemic altered the epidemiologic characteristics, survival rates, and neurological prognosis of OHCA patients.Review registration: PROSPERO (CRD42022339435).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%