Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on the epidemiology of soccer muscle injuries in Italian Serie A professional football players

Marotta, Nicola; Sire, Alessandro de; Gimigliano, Alessandra; Demeco, Andrea; Moggio, Lucrezia; Vescio, Andrea; Iona, Teresa; Ammendolia, Antonio

doi:10.23736/s0022-4707.21.12903-2

Cited by 43 publications

(44 citation statements)

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“…Multivariate analyses (multiple regressions using sequential modelling, and stepwise backward elimination for an additional/last model) were used to estimate the individual contribution of predictive variables and determine the predictors of changes (delta scores, ∆) in perceived stress (dependent variable) from predictor variables (socio-demographic, training routines and wellbeing, and dietary habits). These analyses were also used to assess the change in R-square (denoted as delta R 2 or ∆R 2 ) in order to identify the degree to which additional variables accounted for the variance in perceived stress [ 9 ]. Analyses were conducted for (a) lockdown minus prelockdown, and (b) ‘bubble’ camp minus lockdown.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, depression and anxiety have increased significantly in many countries [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 6 , 7 ]; the effects of these issues must not be underestimated [ 8 ]. Unlike mental health, other clinical issues, such as musculoskeletal injury, were not severely aggravated by lockdowns [ 9 ]. Psychological effects appear to be influenced by sex, with females, in general, demonstrating greater COVID-19-related fear [ 8 ] and stress [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Regression Analysis of Perceived Stress among Elite Athletes from Changes in Diet, Routine and Well-Being: Effects of the COVID-19 Lockdown and “Bubble” Training Camps

Washif

Ammar

Trabelsi

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the lifestyles and training of elite athletes around the world. The detrimental effects of lockdown periods may vary among individuals, as well as among sports and sexes. This study investigated the changes in dietary habits, and the predictors of perceived stress during lockdown and a “bubble” training camp. This cross-sectional, online survey involved 76 elite and world-class athletes from six able-bodied sports and nine parasports, all of whom were involved in a 30-day “bubble” training camp. Questions were asked on socio-demographics, training routines and wellbeing, perceived stress, and dietary habits, pertaining to “normal” training (prelockdown), lockdown training, and “bubble” camp training periods. Changes in perceived stress were trivial to small during lockdown compared to “normal” training, and trivial to moderate during a “bubble” camp, compared to lockdown. Para-athletes, males, older athletes, less experienced athletes, married individuals, and specific ethnicities appeared to be more detrimentally affected (increased perceived stress) by lockdown. These negative experiences, however, were largely reversed during “bubble” camps. During lockdown, more athletes reported increased evening snack consumption (+8%), later meal-times (+6%), decreased fluid intake (−6%), and no breakfast (+7%). These changes were reversed during “bubble” camps (12–18% improvements). Sport classification accounted for 16% of the increased perceived stress (p = 0.001) during lockdown. Overall, socio-demographic factors, improvements in training routines, well-being, and dietary habits explained 28% of the decreased perceived stress during a “bubble” camp. In conclusion, better dietary habits, training routines and well-being have implications for reduced perceived stress. During lockdown, “bubble” camps may be beneficial, but this observation may be a case-by-case consideration, and short split “bubble” periods are recommended.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regression Analysis of Perceived Stress among Elite Athletes from Changes in Diet, Routine and Well-Being: Effects of the COVID-19 Lockdown and “Bubble” Training Camps

Washif

Ammar

Trabelsi

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…In accordance, since inflammation has a crucial role in the first processes at the basis of tissue healing in the skeletal muscle system [68,[102][103][104][105], the anti-inflammatory pharmacological approach has been recently questioned [68]. Moreover, NSAIDs mediate their pharmacological effects by the inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis in the COX pathway; therefore, a careful prescription of these drugs should consider the evidence highlighting the potential negative effects in bone, muscle, ligament, and tendon healing [68,[102][103][104][105]. However, no studies assessed the long-term effects of NSAIDs in athlete global health, tissue overload on the kinetic chain continuum, injury recurrence, or complications related to pain relief effects [23].…”

mentioning

confidence: 88%

“…In this context, a recent review [23] underlined those minor injuries that might often be treated by non-opioid analgesic medication and non-pharmacological treatment; however, the effectiveness of this approach in different pathologies has not been deeply studied. In minor injuries, when same-day RTP is considered, oral or local analgesic drugs are routinely used according to the scientific literature that showed a positive effect [25,[66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75].…”

Section: Analgesic Pharmacological Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…NSAIDs should be avoided in the first 72 h from brain concussion given the increased risk of bleeding [101]. In accordance, since inflammation has a crucial role in the first processes at the basis of tissue healing in the skeletal muscle system [68,[102][103][104][105], the anti-inflammatory pharmacological approach has been recently questioned [68]. Moreover, NSAIDs mediate their pharmacological effects by the inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis in the COX pathway; therefore, a careful prescription of these drugs should consider the evidence highlighting the potential negative effects in bone, muscle, ligament, and tendon healing [68,[102][103][104][105].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pharmacological Treatment for Acute Traumatic Musculoskeletal Pain in Athletes

et al. 2021

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Pain management is a crucial issue for athletes who train and compete at the highest performance levels. There are still evidence gaps for the use of analgesics for sports injuries despite the growing interest in training and competition settings. However, high-quality research is needed to determine the most appropriate and optimal timing and formulations in non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and opioid management, particularly given the strictness of anti-doping regulations. Indeed, the role of pharmacological therapy in reducing acute traumatic pain in athletes should still be addressed to minimize the timing of return to sport. Therefore, the aim of this comprehensive review was to summarize the current evidence about pain management in the setting of acute injury in elite athletes, providing the most informed strategy for pain relief and performance recovery.

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Orthopaedic, trauma surgery, and Covid-2019 pandemic: clinical panorama and future prospective in Europe

Migliorini

Weber

Pappalardo

et al. 2022

Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg

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Purpose This study investigated the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic in Europe on consultations, surgeries, and traumas in the field of orthopaedic and trauma surgery. Strategies to resume the clinical activities were also discussed. Methods This systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: the 2020 PRISMA statement. All the comparative studies reporting data on the impact of Covid-19 in the field of orthopaedic and trauma surgery in Europe were accessed. Only comparative clinical studies which investigated the year 2020 versus 2019 were eligible. Results 57 clinical investigations were included in the present study. Eight studies reported a reduction of the orthopaedic consultations, which decreased between 20.9 and 90.1%. Seven studies reported the number of emergency and trauma consultations, which were decreased between 37.7 and 74.2%. Fifteen studies reported information with regard to the reasons for orthopaedic and trauma admissions. The number of polytraumas decreased between 5.6 and 77.1%, fractures between 3.9 and 63.1%. Traffic accidents admissions dropped by up to 88.9%, and sports-related injuries dropped in a range of 59.3% to 100%. The overall reduction of the surgical interventions ranged from 5.4 to 88.8%. Conclusion The overall trend of consultations, surgeries, and rate of traumas and fragility fractures appear to decrease during the 2020 European COVID pandemic compared to the pre-pandemic era. Given the heterogeneities in the clinical evidence, results from the present study should be considered carefully. Level of evidence Level IV, systematic review.

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Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on the epidemiology of soccer muscle injuries in Italian Serie A professional football players

Cited by 43 publications

References 45 publications

Regression Analysis of Perceived Stress among Elite Athletes from Changes in Diet, Routine and Well-Being: Effects of the COVID-19 Lockdown and “Bubble” Training Camps

Regression Analysis of Perceived Stress among Elite Athletes from Changes in Diet, Routine and Well-Being: Effects of the COVID-19 Lockdown and “Bubble” Training Camps

Pharmacological Treatment for Acute Traumatic Musculoskeletal Pain in Athletes

Orthopaedic, trauma surgery, and Covid-2019 pandemic: clinical panorama and future prospective in Europe

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