Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on the Emotional Well-being of Healthcare Workers: A Multinational Cross-sectional Survey

Abstract

A bstract Background Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) in the last few months has disrupted the healthcare system globally. The objective of this study is to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the psychological and emotional well-being of healthcare workers (HCWs). Materials and methods We conducted an online, cross-sectional, multinational survey, assessing the anxiety (using Generalized Anxiety Disorder [GAD-2] and GAD-7), depression (using Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression), and insomnia (using Insomnia Severity Index), among HCWs across India, the Middle East, and North America. We used univariate and bivariate logistic regression to identify risk factors for psychological distress. Results The prevalence of clinically significant anxiety, depression, and insomnia were 41.4, 48.0, and 31.3%, respectively. On bivariate logistic regression, lack of social or emotional support to HCWs was independently associated with anxiety [odds ratio (OR), 3.81 (2.84–3.90)], depression [OR, 6.29 (4.50–8.79)], and insomnia [OR, 3.79 (2.81–5.110)]. Female gender and self-COVID-19 were independent risk factors for anxiety [OR, 3.71 (1.53–9.03) and 1.71 (1.23–2.38)] and depression [OR, 1.72 (1.27–2.31) and 1.62 (1.14–2.30)], respectively. Frontliners were independently associated with insomnia [OR, 1.68 (1.23–2.29)]. C onclusion COVID-19 pandemic has a high prevalence of anxiety, depression, and insomnia among HCWs. Female gender, frontliners, self-COVID-19, and absence of social or emotional support are the independent risk factors for psychological distress. How to cite this article Jagiasi BG, Chanchalani G, Nasa P, Tekwani S. Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on the Emotional Well-being of Healthcare Workers: A Multinational Cross-sectional Survey. Indian J Crit Care Med 2021;25(5):499–506.

Healthcare Workers' Resilience Mediates the Influence of Organizational Commitment and Anxiety Response to Viral Epidemic on Their Quality of Life in the COVID-19 Pandemic

“…Psychological distress of healthcare workers also exists in the COVID-19 era. Previous studies reported that a high proportion of healthcare workers are experiencing significant levels of anxiety, depression, insomnia, and distress during the COVID-19 pandemic (11)(12)(13)(14)(15). The rates were broadly reported to range between 23.2 and 67.55% for anxiety, 22.8-55.89% for depression, and 34.0%-68.7% for insomnia.…”

Impacts for health and care workers of Covid-19 and other public health emergencies of international concern: living systematic review, meta-analysis and policy recommendations

“…With a prevalence of 21% (95CI = [5; 37]) before 2020 and 35% (95CI = [33; 37]) after 2020 (Table 3 and Additional file 6 ), depression, as anxiety, seemed to be more prevalent in HCW compared to the overall population [ 115 , 116 ], among frontliners [ 5 , 55 , 74 , 77 , 117 – 124 ], those caring for patients [ 81 , 125 – 127 ], especially for COVID-19 patients, and even on HCW that had become infected [ 50 , 67 , 77 , 88 , 88 , 98 , 109 , 125 , 128 – 130 ]. Female gender was also mentioned to be related with depression [ 51 , 66 , 71 , 74 , 80 , 86 – 88 , 88 , 93 , 98 , 122 , 128 , 129 , 131 – 136 ].…”

Impacts for Health and Care Workers of Covid-19 and Other Public Health Emergencies of International Concern: Living Systematic Review, Meta-analysis & Policy Recommendations

“…Depression was the second outcome most frequently addressed (N = 503). With a prevalence of 21% (95CI= [5;37]) before 2020 and 35% (95CI= [33;37]) after 2020 (Table 3 and additional le 6), depression, as anxiety, seemed to be more prevalent in HCW compared to the overall population (115,116), among frontliners (5,55,74,77,(117)(118)(119)(120)(121)(122)(123)(124), those caring for patients (81, 125-127), especially for COVID-19 patients, and even on HCW that had become infected (50,67,77,88,88,98,109,125,(128)(129)(130). Female gender was also mentioned to be related with depression (51, 66, 71, 74, 80, 86-88, 88, 93, 98, 122, 128, 129, 131-136).…”